Arca da Aliança: o que era e o seu significado na Bíblia
O que é a Arca da Aliança
A Arca da Aliança era uma caixa sagrada de madeira de acácia revestida de ouro que guardava as tábuas dos Dez Mandamentos e simbolizava o trono e a presença de Deus no meio de Israel. Ela não era um amuleto com poder mágico próprio nem um receptáculo para conter a divindade: o objeto visível apontava para o Deus invisível e para a fidelidade ao pacto estabelecido no Sinai.
O lugar da presença e da revelação
No tabernáculo, a arca ocupava o Lugar Santíssimo, o espaço mais reservado do santuário. Sobre ela ficava o propiciatório — a tampa de ouro com dois querubins esculpidos —, onde Deus manifestava a sua glória e transmitia suas instruções ao povo.
And there I will meet with youi, and I will commune with youi from above the mercy seat, from between the two cherubim which [are] upon the ark of the testimony, of all [things] which I will give youi in commandment unto the people of Yisra’el [He Holds Onto The Heel Of God].(Exodus 25:22)
O perigo de tratá-la como amuleto
A distinção entre o Deus vivo e a caixa de madeira ficou evidente quando o exército de Israel levou a arca para o campo de batalha esperando vitória automática. Por não tolerar a manipulação de sua santidade, Deus permitiu a derrota militar e a captura da arca pelos filisteus.
And the P’lishtim [Immigrants] put themselves in array (to put on; to clothe) against Yisra’el [He Holds Onto The Heel Of God]: and when they joined battle, Yisra’el [He Holds Onto The Heel Of God] was smitten before the P’lishtim [Immigrants]: and they killed of the army in the field about four thousand men.
And when the people were come into the camp, the elders of Yisra’el [He Holds Onto The Heel Of God] said, For what reason has the LORD-Yehōvah (Messiah Pre-Incarnate) smitten us to day before the P’lishtim [Immigrants]? Let us fetch the ark of the covenant of the LORD-Yehōvah (Messiah Pre-Incarnate) out of Shiloh [Place of Rest] unto us, that, when it comes among us, it may save us out of the hand of our enemies.
So the people sent to Shiloh [Place of Rest], that they might bring from there the ark of the covenant of the LORD-Yehōvah (Messiah Pre-Incarnate) Tz’va’ot [of the Heavenly Armies], which dwells [between] the k’vurim (cherubim): and the two sons of ‘Eli [ascension], Hofni [fighter] and Pinchas [mouth of brass], [were] there with the ark of the covenant of God-Elōhīm (The Living Word) [The Many Powered].
And when the ark of the covenant of the LORD-Yehōvah (Messiah Pre-Incarnate) came into the camp, all Yisra’el [He Holds Onto The Heel Of God] shouted with a great shout, so that the earth rang again.
And when the P’lishtim [Immigrants] heard the noise of the shout, they said, What [means] the noise of this great shout in the camp of the ‘Evri’ot [Hebrew]? And they understood that the ark of the LORD-Yehōvah (Messiah Pre-Incarnate) was come into the camp.
And the P’lishtim [Immigrants] were afraid, for they said, God-Elōhīm (The Living Word) [The Many Powered] is come into the camp. And they said, Woe unto us! for there has not been such a thing heretofore.
Woe unto us! who shall deliver us out of the hand of these mighty Gods? these [are] the Gods that struck the Mitzri with all the plagues in the wilderness.
Be strong, and quit (acquitted; found not guilty) yourselves like men, O you2f P’lishtim [Immigrants], that you2f be not servants unto the ‘Evri’ot [Hebrew], as they have been to you: quit (acquitted; found not guilty) yourselves like men, and fight.
And the P’lishtim [Immigrants] fought, and Yisra’el [He Holds Onto The Heel Of God] was smitten, and they fled every man into his tent: and there was a very great slaughter; for there fell of Yisra’el [He Holds Onto The Heel Of God] thirty thousand footmen.
And the ark of God-Elōhīm (The Living Word) [The Many Powered] was taken; and the two sons of ‘Eli [ascension], Hofni [fighter] and Pinchas [mouth of brass], were slain.(1 Samuel 4:2-11)
A sombra que apontava para Cristo
O autor aos Hebreus descreve a arca e os utensílios do tabernáculo como figuras terrenas de uma realidade espiritual permanente. A aliança antiga e seus símbolos preparavam o caminho para a redenção realizada por Jesus, que abriu o acesso direto à presença divina.
Then truly the first [covenant] had also ordinances of divine service, and a worldly sanctuary.
For there was a tabernacle made; the first, wherein [was] the candlestick, and the table, and the showbread; which is called the sanctuary.
And after the second veil, the tabernacle which is called the Holiest of all;
Which had the golden censer, and the ark of the covenant overlaid round about with gold, wherein [was] the golden pot that had manna, and Aharon [Bright, Very High]’s rod that budded, and the tables of the covenant;
And over it the k’vurim (cherubim) of glory shadowing the mercy seat; of which we cannot now speak particularly.(Hebrews 9:1-5)
Compreender o papel da Arca da Aliança ensina que Deus busca uma relação de compromisso moral e fé sincera, nunca a confiança supersticiosa em objetos religiosos.
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