Filho de Deus: o que significa a divindade de Jesus?
O que significa Jesus ser o Filho de Deus
Na Bíblia, o título "Filho de Deus" afirma a plena divindade de Jesus e a Sua igualdade de natureza com o Pai. Não significa que Jesus foi criado no tempo nem que teve uma origem biológica, mas que Ele compartilha da mesma essência divina e é a revelação exata do Deus invisível.
No contexto judaico do primeiro século, falar da relação de filho com o pai indicava identidade de natureza e representação total. Quando Jesus chamou Deus de Seu próprio Pai, os líderes religiosos entenderam de imediato o peso daquela afirmação:
But He answered them, "My Father is working until now, and I Myself am working."
For this reason therefore the Jews were seeking all the more to kill Him, because He not only was breaking the Sabbath, but also was calling God His own Father, making Himself equal with God.(John 5:17,18)
O Antigo Testamento já apontava para esse mistério, anunciando séculos antes que o menino que nasceria receberia títulos divinos:
For a Child will be born to us, a Son will be given to us;
And the government will rest on His shoulders;
And His name will be called Wonderful Counselor, Mighty God,
Eternal Father, Prince of Peace.(Isaiah 9:6)
O Novo Testamento confirma que o Filho é a presença visível de Deus entre os seres humanos, eterno e criador de todas as coisas:
And the Word became flesh, and dwelt among us; and we saw His glory, glory as of the only Son from the Father, full of grace and truth.(John 1:14)
No one has seen God at any time; God the only Son, who is in the arms of the Father, He has explained Him.(John 1:18)
And He is the radiance of His glory and the exact representation of His nature, and upholds all things by the word of His power. When He had made purification of sins, He sat down at the right hand of the Majesty on high, having become so much better than the angels, to the extent that He has inherited a more excellent name than they.(Hebrews 1:3,4)
O testemunho do Pai e a confissão de Pedro
A identidade de Jesus como Filho de Deus não surgiu como um rumor popular, mas foi afirmada pelo próprio Deus no início do ministério público de Cristo:
After He was baptized, Jesus came up immediately from the water; and behold, the heavens were opened, and he saw the Spirit of God descending as a dove andsettling on Him, and behold, a voice from the heavens said, "This is My beloved Son, with whom I am well pleased."(Matthew 3:16,17)
A resposta esperada diante dessa revelação é o reconhecimento. Em Cesareia de Filipe, quando Jesus perguntou aos discípulos sobre a Sua identidade, Pedro expressou a base da fé cristã:
Now when Jesus came into the region of Caesarea Philippi, He was asking His disciples, "Who do people say that the Son of Man is?"And they said, "Some say John the Baptist; and others, Elijah; and still others, Jeremiah, or one of the other prophets." He *said to them, "But who do you yourselves say that I am?"Simon Peter answered, "You are the Christ, the Son of the living God."(Matthew 16:13-16)
Reconhecer Jesus como o Filho enviado por Deus é o ponto de partida da comunhão com o Criador:
Whoever confesses that Jesus is the Son of God, God remains in him, and he in God.(1 John 4:15)
Por que Deus enviou o Seu Filho
O envio do Filho à Terra teve um propósito definido: resgatar a humanidade da condenação do pecado e manifestar o amor do Pai de forma concreta na história.
"For God so loved the world, that He gave His only Son, so that everyone who believes in Him will not perish, but have eternal life.(John 3:16)
By this the love of God was revealed in us, that God has sent His only Son into the world so that we may live through Him. In this is love, not that we loved God, but that He loved us and sent His Son to be the propitiation for our sins.(1 John 4:9,10)
Ao se entregar na cruz e ressuscitar, o Filho desfez o poder do mal e reconciliou com Deus aqueles que estavam separados dEle:
the one who practices sin is of the devil; for the devil has been sinning from the beginning. The Son of God appeared for this purpose, to destroy the works of the devil.(1 John 3:8)
For if while we were enemies we were reconciled to God through the death of His Son, much more, having been reconciled, we shall be saved by His life.(Romans 5:10)
A autoridade do Filho e a nova vida de quem crê
O Pai conferiu ao Filho a autoridade de julgar e de conceder vida. Ter o Filho significa ter a própria vida espiritual restaurada:
For just as the Father raises the dead and gives them life, so the Son also gives life to whom He wishes.For not even the Father judges anyone, but He has given all judgment to the Son,so that all will honor the Son just as they honor the Father. The one who does not honor the Son does not honor the Father who sent Him.(John 5:21-23)
Truly, truly, I say to you, a time is coming and even now has arrived, when the dead will hear the voice of the Son of God, and those who hear will live.For just as the Father has life in Himself, so He gave to the Son also to have life in Himself;(John 5:25,26)
The one who has the Son has the life; the one who does not have the Son of God does not have the life.(1 John 5:12)
Quem recebe a Jesus deixa de ser apenas criatura e passa a fazer parte da família de Deus. Pela obra do Filho eterno, os crentes recebem o Espírito Santo e são adotados como filhos do Pai:
But as many as received Him, to them He gave the right to become children of God, to those who believe in His name, who were born, not of blood, nor of the will of the flesh, nor of the will of a man, but of God.(John 1:12,13)
But when the fullness of the time came, God sent His Son, born of a woman, born under the Law, so that He might redeem those who were under the Law, that we might receive the adoption as sons and daughters. Because you are sons, God has sent the Spirit of His Son into our hearts, crying out, "Abba! Father!"(Galatians 4:4-6)
Essa nova condição transforma o cotidiano: a vida agora é conduzida pela fé no Filho de Deus, que se entregou por cada pessoa.
I have been crucified with Christ; and it is no longer I who live, but Christ lives in me; and the life which I now live in the flesh I live by faith in the Son of God, who loved me and gave Himself up for me.(Galatians 2:20)
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