Língua

A língua tem poder de vida e de morte. A Bíblia compara a língua ao leme de um navio e à faísca que incendeia uma floresta. Dominar a língua é prova de maturidade espiritual.

O poder da língua

A morte e a vida estão no poder da língua. Quem a domina é varão perfeito, capaz de controlar todo o corpo.

2 Πολλὰ γὰρ πταίομεν ἅπαντες. Εἴ τις ἐν λόγῳ οὐ πταίει, οὗτος τέλειος ἀνήρ, δυνάμενος35 ℵ [23%] ¦ δυνατος A,B [76.5%] RP,HF,OC,TR,CP,NU (two other variants, and ECM lists codex C as ambiguous.) (Is it not more likely that the present participle [unexpected] would be changed to the adjective than vice versa?—but it makes great sense, ‘being able to bridle’.) χαλιναγωγῆσαι καὶ ὅλον τὸ σῶμα.

Tiago 3:2

3 Ἴδε,35 [60%] RP,HF,OC,CP ¦ ει δε [38.5%] NU ¦ ιδου [0.5%] TR (ECM lists six uncials as ambiguous, including ℵA,B,C. The variant chosen by NU scarcely makes sense. The και at the beginning of verse 4 presupposes an imperative at the beginning of verse 3.) τῶν ἵππων τοὺς χαλινοὺς εἰς τὰ στόματα βάλλομεν πρὸς τὸ35 A (97%) RP,HF,OC,TR,CP ¦ εις 2 ℵB,C (2.4%) NU ¦ τω (0.6%) πείθεσθαι αὐτοὺς ἡμῖν, καὶ ὅλον τὸ σῶμα αὐτῶν μετάγομεν. 4 Ἰδοὺ καὶ τὰ πλοῖα· τηλικαῦτα ὄντα καὶ ὑπὸ ἀνέμων σκληρῶν35 ℵB,C [44%] NU ¦ ∼ 21 A [56%] RP,HF,OC,TR,CP ἐλαυνόμενα, μετάγεται ὑπὸ ἐλαχίστου πηδαλίου ὅπου ἂν35 A,C [99.5%] RP,HF,OC,TR,CP ¦ --- ℵB [0.5%] NU ἡ ὁρμὴ τοῦ ἰθύνοντος35 [21%] ¦ ευθυνοντος ℵA,B,C [79%] RP,HF,OC,TR,CP,NU (At issue is a mere question of spelling, the first variant being classical Greek. It seems to me more probable that the unfamiliar classical form would be changed to the familiar koine than vice versa [most lexicons don’t even list the classical form].) βούληται.35 A,C [89%] RP,HF,OC,TR,CP ¦ βουλεται ℵB [10%] NU ¦ βουλοιτο [1%] 5 Οὕτως καὶ ἡ γλῶσσα μικρὸν μέλος ἐστὶν καὶ μεγαλαυχεῖ.35 𝕻20ℵ [95%] RP,HF,OC,TR,CP ¦ μεγαλα αυχει A,B,C [5%] NU

Ἰδού, ὀλίγον35 Av,C [95%] RP,HF,OC,TR,CP ¦ ηλικον ℵB [3%] NU ¦ ολιγων [2%] (The Alexandrian variant goes against James’ argument.) πῦρ ἡλίκην ὕλην ἀνάπτει. 6 Καὶ ἡ γλῶσσα πῦρ, ὁ κόσμος τῆς ἀδικίας, οὕτως35 [83%] RP,HF,OC,TR,CP ¦ 1 και [8%] ¦ --- 𝕻20ℵA,B,C [9%] NU ἡ γλῶσσα καθίσταται ἐν τοῖς μέλεσιν ἡμῶν, ἡ σπιλοῦσα ὅλον τὸ σῶμα καὶ φλογίζουσα τὸν τροχὸν τῆς γενέσεως, καὶ φλογιζομένη ὑπὸ τῆς Γεέννης.

Tiago 3:3-6

7 Πᾶσα γὰρ φύσις θηρίων τε καὶ πετεινῶν, ἑρπετῶν τε καὶ ἐναλίων, δαμάζεται καὶ δεδάμασται τῇ φύσει τῇ ἀνθρωπίνῃ. 8 Τὴν δὲ γλῶσσαν οὐδεὶς δύναται ἀνθρώπων δαμάσαι35 (84.1%) RP,HF,OC,TR,CP ¦ ∼ 132 ℵA (11.9%) ¦ ∼ 312 B,C (1%) NU ¦ 13 (1.4%) ¦ 1 (0.8%) ¦ three other variants plus an ambiguity—ἀκατάσχετον35 C (97.4%) RP,HF,OC,TR,CP ¦ ακαταστατον ℵA,B (2.6%) NU κακόν, μεστὴ ἰοῦ θανατηφόρου.

Tiago 3:7,8

9 Ἐν αὐτῇ εὐλογοῦμεν τὸν Θεὸν35 [96%] RP,HF,OC,TR,CP ¦ κυριον 𝕻20ℵA,B,C [4%] NU (The title used in 1:27 is repeated, and being a repetition it comes with the article.) καὶ Πατέρα, καὶ ἐν αὐτῇ καταρώμεθα τοὺς ἀνθρώπους τοὺς καθ᾿ ὁμοίωσιν Θεοῦ γεγονότας. 10 Ἐκ τοῦ αὐτοῦ στόματος ἐξέρχεται εὐλογία καὶ κατάρα. Οὐ χρή, ἀδελφοί μου,35 ℵA,B,C [84%] RP,HF,OC,TR,NU ¦ 1 αγαπητοι [16%] CP ταῦτα οὕτως γίνεσθαι. 11 Μήτι ἡ πηγὴ ἐκ τῆς αὐτῆς ὀπῆς βρύει τὸ γλυκὺ καὶ τὸ πικρόν;35 ℵA,B,C [85%] RP,HF,OC,TR,CP,NU ¦ 124 [4%] ¦ 1234 υδωρ [3%] ¦ ∼ 4231 [8%] 12 Μὴ δύναται, ἀδελφοί μου, συκῆ ἐλαίας ποιῆσαι, ἢ ἄμπελος σῦκα; Οὕτως35 ℵ [97%] RP,HF,OC,TR,CP ¦ --- A,B,C [3%] NU οὐδεμία πηγὴ ἁλυκὸν καὶ35 [96%] RP,HF,OC,TR(CP) ¦ ουδε αλυκον ℵ [1.6%] ¦ ουτε αλυκον A,B,C [1.8%] NU ¦ three other variants (Who knows what got into the Alexandrians here.) γλυκὺ ποιῆσαι ὕδωρ.

Tiago 3:9-12

Palavras sábias

A língua branda quebra até ossos. A palavra certa no tempo certo é como maçãs de ouro em salvas de prata.

Disciplinar a fala

Quem guarda a boca e a língua guarda a sua alma de angústias. A religião sem controle da língua é vã.

26 Εἴ τις δοκεῖ θρῆσκος εἶναι ἐν ὑμῖν,35 (80.3%) RP,HF,OC,TR [12 ημιν (1.6%)] ¦ ∼ 231 (8.2%) CP [ ∼ 2 ημιν 1 (0.4%)] ¦ 1 ℵA,B,C,0173 (9.4%) NU μὴ χαλιναγωγῶν γλῶσσαν αὐτοῦ ἀλλ᾿35 [35%] OC,TR ¦ αλλα ℵA,B,C,0173 [65%] RP,HF,CP,NU (The MSS supporting the shorter form come from a considerable number of rivulets within the transmission spectrum, many of them non-Byzantine.) ἀπατῶν καρδίαν αὐτοῦ, τούτου μάταιος ἡ θρησκεία.

Tiago 1:26

Toda língua confessará

Ao nome de Jesus todo joelho se dobrará e toda língua confessará que Jesus Cristo é Senhor, para glória de Deus Pai.

9 Διὸ καὶ ὁ Θεὸς αὐτὸν ὑπερύψωσεν καὶ ἐχαρίσατο αὐτῷ35 [98%] RP,HF,OC,TR,CP ¦ 1 το 𝕻46ℵA,B,C [2%] NU ὄνομα τὸ ὑπὲρ πᾶν ὄνομα, 10 ἵνα ἐν τῷ ὀνόματι Ἰησοῦ πᾶν γόνυ κάμψῃ—ἐπουρανίων καὶ ἐπιγείων καὶ καταχθονίων— 11 καὶ πᾶσα γλῶσσα ἐξομολογήσηται35 𝕻46ℵB [80%] RP,HF,OC,TR,CP,NU ¦ εξομολογησεται A,C [20%] ὅτι Κύριος Ἰησοῦς Χριστός, εἰς δόξαν Θεοῦ Πατρός.

Filipenses 2:9-11

1 Ἐὰν ταῖς γλώσσαις τῶν ἀνθρώπων λαλῶ καὶ τῶν ἀγγέλων, ἀγάπην δὲ μὴ ἔχω, γέγονα χαλκὸς ἠχῶν ἢ κύμβαλον ἀλαλάζον.

1 Coríntios 13:1

36 Λέγω δὲ ὑμῖν ὅτι πᾶν ῥῆμα ἀργὸν ὃ ἐὰν35 C,N,W (99.2%) RP,HF,OC,CP,TR ¦ αν (0.4%) ¦ --- ℵB,D (0.4%) NU λαλήσωσιν35 N,W (97.3%) RP,HF,OC,CP,TR ¦ λαλησουσιν ℵB,C (2.2%) NU ¦ seven other variants D (0.4%) οἱ ἄνθρωποι, ἀποδώσουσιν περὶ ¦ υπερ CP αὐτοῦ λόγον ἐν ἡμέρᾳ κρίσεως. 37 Ἐκ γὰρ τῶν λόγων σου δικαιωθήσῃ, καὶ ἐκ τῶν λόγων σου καταδικασθήσῃ.»