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Materialismo: o perigo da riqueza e o contentamento

O que a Bíblia diz sobre o materialismo

Na Bíblia, o materialismo não se define pela posse de bens em si, mas pela ilusão de que o valor, a segurança e a identidade de uma pessoa dependem do que ela acumula. Jesus resumiu esse engano em Lucas 12:15 ao afirmar que a vida humana não consiste na abundância dos bens que possui, tratando a cobiça desenfreada como uma forma direta de idolatria.

And He said to them, "Observe, and beware of the covetousness, because his life is not in the abundance of one’s goods."(Luke 12:15)

Put to death, then, your members that [are] on the earth—whoredom, uncleanness, passion, evil desire, and the covetousness, which is idolatry—(Colossians 3:5)

for what is a man profited if he may gain the whole world, but of his life suffer loss? Or what will a man give as an exchange for his life?(Matthew 16:26)

for what will it profit a man, if he may gain the whole world, and forfeit his life?(Mark 8:36)

Por que a confiança na riqueza falha

A Escritura expõe repetidamente a fragilidade dos bens terrenos. A riqueza não é eterna, não acompanha o indivíduo após a morte e é incapaz de comprar livramento espiritual. Além disso, a busca compulsiva por acumulação produz insatisfação crônica: quem faz do dinheiro sua fonte de esperança descobre que ele nunca é suficiente para preencher o coração.

Whoever is loving silver is not satisfied [with] silver, nor he who is in love with stores [with] increase. Even this [is] vanity.(Ecclesiastes 5:10)

As he came out from the belly of his mother, naked he turns back to go as he came, and he does not take away anything of his labor, that goes in his hand.(Ecclesiastes 5:15)

for we brought nothing into the world—because neither are we able to carry out anything; but having food and raiment—with these we will suffice ourselves;(1 Timothy 6:7,8)

and those intending to be rich fall into temptation and a snare, and many desires, foolish and hurtful, that sink men into ruin and destruction,(1 Timothy 6:9)

Wealth does not profit in a day of wrath, || And righteousness delivers from death.(Proverbs 11:4)

The wealth of the rich [is] the city of his strength, || And as a wall set on high in his own imagination.(Proverbs 18:11)

For wealth makes wings to itself, || It flies to the heavens as an eagle.(Proverbs 23:5)

O contentamento como alternativa

Em oposição ao materialismo, o ensino bíblico propõe o contentamento: a capacidade de viver em paz com o que se tem, confiando na providência diária de Deus. Ter recursos materiais não é pecado, mas a sabedoria bíblica prioriza a integridade, o temor a Deus e a paz interior acima do ouro e da prata.

[Be] without covetous behavior, being content with the things present, for He has said, "No, I will not leave, no, nor forsake you,"(Hebrews 13:5)

Better [is] a little with the fear of YHWH, || Than much treasure, and tumult with it.(Proverbs 15:16)

To get wisdom—how much better than gold, || And to get understanding—to be chosen [more] than silver!(Proverbs 16:16)

A name is chosen rather than much wealth, || Than silver and than gold—good grace.(Proverbs 22:1)

Put vanity and a lying word far from me, || Do not give poverty or wealth to me, || Cause me to eat the bread of my portion,(Proverbs 30:8)

also the women in like manner, in orderly apparel, to adorn themselves with modesty and sobriety, not in braided hair, or gold, or pearls, or clothing of great price, but—which becomes women professing godly piety—through good works.(1 Timothy 2:9,10)

Generosidade e tesouros duradouros

O remédio mais prático contra o apego aos bens é a generosidade. Ao ordenar que seus seguidores ajuntem tesouros no céu em vez da terra, Jesus ensina a redirecionar o coração: onde estão os recursos, ali se fixa a devoção. Quando bens materiais são compartilhados para suprir o próximo e servir a Deus, eles deixam de ser ídolos e se tornam instrumentos de serviço.

Do not treasure up to yourselves treasures on the earth, where moth and rust disfigure, and where thieves break through and steal, but treasure up to yourselves treasures in Heaven, where neither moth nor rust disfigure, and where thieves do not break through nor steal,(Matthew 6:19,20)

for where your treasure is, there will your heart be also.(Matthew 6:21)

Jesus said to him, "If you will to be perfect, go away, sell what you have, and give to the poor, and you will have treasure in Heaven, and come, follow Me."(Matthew 19:21)

Charge those rich in the present age not to be high-minded, nor to hope in the uncertainty of riches, but in the living God, who is giving to us all things richly for enjoyment—(1 Timothy 6:17)

All the day desiring he has desired, || And the righteous gives and does not withhold.(Proverbs 21:26)

and of the multitude of those who believed, the heart and the soul were one, and not one was saying that anything of the things he had was his own, but all things were in common to them.(Acts 4:32)

we [are] not looking to the things seen, but to the things not seen; for the things seen [are] temporary, but the things not seen [are] continuous.(2 Corinthians 4:18)

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