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Ouvir: o que a Bíblia ensina sobre a escuta

O que significa ouvir na Bíblia

Na Bíblia, ouvir significa muito mais do que registrar sons: ouvir a Deus é prestar atenção, crer e colocar a mensagem em prática. Tanto no hebraico (shama) quanto no grego (akouo), o ato de ouvir está inseparavelmente ligado à obediência.

A fé cristã nasce dessa escuta atenta. Paulo explica que a confiança em Deus não surge do nada, mas de ouvir a mensagem de Cristo proclamada:

So faith then is by a report, but the report by God’s word.(Romans 10:17)

How then shall they call upon him in whom they have not believed? and how shall they believe on him of whom they have not heard? and how shall they hear without one who preaches?(Romans 10:14)

Ouvir e colocar em prática

Ouvir a instrução divina sem agir é considerado autoengano nas Escrituras. Jesus e Tiago insistem que a maturidade espiritual não se mede pela quantidade de ensino acumulado, mas pela disposição prática de edificar a vida sobre o que foi ouvido:

But be ye doers of the word and not hearers only, beguiling yourselves.(James 1:22)

Whoever therefore hears these my words and does them, I will liken him to a prudent man, who built his house upon the rock; and the rain came down, and the streams came, and the winds blew and fell upon that house, and it did not fall, for it had been founded upon the rock. And every one who hears these my words and does not do them, he shall be likened to a foolish man, who built his house upon the sand; and the rain came down, and the streams came, and the winds blew and beat upon that house, and it fell, and its fall was great.(Matthew 7:24-27)

But he said, Yea rather, blessed are they who hear the word of God and keep it.(Luke 11:28)

What ye have both learned, and received, and heard, and seen in me, these things do; and the God of peace shall be with you.(Philippians 4:9)

But he answering said, It is written, Man shall not live by bread alone, but by every word which goes out through God’s mouth.(Matthew 4:4)

Como reconhecer a voz de Deus

Jesus usa a relação entre o pastor e o rebanho para ilustrar como os discípulos aprendem a discernir a sua voz. Esse reconhecimento depende de convivência constante, apego à palavra revelada e atenção à ação de Deus:

My sheep hear my voice, and I know them, and they follow me;(John 10:27)

Verily, verily, I say unto you, that he that hears my word, and believes him that has sent me, has life eternal, and does not come into judgment, but is passed out of death into life. Verily, verily, I say unto you, that an hour is coming, and now is, when the dead shall hear the voice of the Son of God, and they that have heard shall live.(John 5:24,25)

Behold, I stand at the door and am knocking; if any one hear my voice and open the door, I will come in unto him and sup with him, and he with me.(Revelation 3:20)

Ye shall walk after Jehovah your God and ye shall fear him, and his commandments shall ye keep, and his voice shall ye hear; and ye shall serve him, and unto him shall ye cleave.(Deuteronomy 13:4)

He therefore who ministers to you the Spirit, and works miracles among you, is it on the principle of works of law, or of the report of faith?(Galatians 3:5)

A certeza de que Deus ouve a oração

A escuta bíblica é uma via de mão dupla. Deus não é indiferente às aflições humanas: Ele inclina os ouvidos para atender o clamor sincero dos que o buscam com humildade e confiança:

I love Jehovah, for he hath heard my voice and my supplications; For he hath inclined his ear unto me, and I will call upon him during all my days.(Psalms 116:1,2)

The eyes of Jehovah are upon the righteous, and his ears are toward their cry;(Psalms 34:15)

In my distress I called upon Jehovah, and I cried out to my God he heard my voice out of his temple, and my cry came before him, into his ears.(Psalms 18:6)

And this is the boldness which we have towards him, that if we ask him anything according to his will he hears us.(1 John 5:14)

And if we know that he hears us, whatsoever we ask, we know that we have the petitions which we have asked of him.(1 John 5:15)

And ye shall call upon me, and ye shall go and pray unto me, and I will hearken unto you;(Jeremiah 29:12)

Call unto me, and I will answer thee, and I will shew thee great and hidden things, which thou knowest not.(Jeremiah 33:3)

Behold, Jehovah’s hand is not shortened that it cannot save, neither his ear heavy that it cannot hear;(Isaiah 59:1)

Jehovah, in the morning shalt thou hear my voice; in the morning will I address myself to thee, and will look up.(Psalms 5:3)

Cause me to hear thy loving-kindness in the morning, for in thee do I confide; make me to know the way wherein I should walk, for unto thee do I lift up my soul.(Psalms 143:8)

Sabedoria para ouvir os outros

A Bíblia também orienta a escuta nas relações humanas diárias. Precipitar-se para falar antes de ouvir é sinal de insensatez, enquanto a paciência para acolher conselhos, correções e dialogar em momentos de conflito preserva a paz e edifica o próximo:

So that, my beloved brethren, let every man be swift to hear, slow to speak, slow to wrath;(James 1:19)

He that giveth answer before he heareth, it is folly and shame unto him.(Proverbs 18:13)

He that giveth heed to the word shall find good; and whoso confideth in Jehovah, happy is he.(Proverbs 16:20)

Keeping instruction is the path to life; but he that forsaketh reproof goeth astray.(Proverbs 10:17)

He that turneth away his ear from hearing the law, even his prayer is an abomination.(Proverbs 28:9)

It is better for a man to hear the rebuke of the wise, than to hear the song of fools.(Ecclesiastes 7:5)

But if thy brother sin against thee, go, reprove him between thee and him alone. If he hear thee, thou hast gained thy brother. But if he do not hear thee, take with thee one or two besides, that every matter may stand upon the word of two witnesses or of three. But if he will not listen to them, tell it to the assembly; and if also he will not listen to the assembly, let him be to thee as one of the nations and a tax-gatherer.(Matthew 18:15-17)

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