Ouvir: o que a Bíblia ensina sobre a escuta
O que significa ouvir na Bíblia
Na Bíblia, ouvir significa muito mais do que registrar sons: ouvir a Deus é prestar atenção, crer e colocar a mensagem em prática. Tanto no hebraico (shama) quanto no grego (akouo), o ato de ouvir está inseparavelmente ligado à obediência.
A fé cristã nasce dessa escuta atenta. Paulo explica que a confiança em Deus não surge do nada, mas de ouvir a mensagem de Cristo proclamada:
So faith comes from hearing, and hearing by the word of Christ.(Romans 10:17)
How then are they to call on Him in whom they have not believed? How are they to believe in Him whom they have not heard? And how are they to hear without a preacher?(Romans 10:14)
The one who has ears, let him hear."(Matthew 13:9)
Ouvir e colocar em prática
Ouvir a instrução divina sem agir é considerado autoengano nas Escrituras. Jesus e Tiago insistem que a maturidade espiritual não se mede pela quantidade de ensino acumulado, mas pela disposição prática de edificar a vida sobre o que foi ouvido:
But prove yourselves doers of the word, and not just hearers who deceive themselves.(James 1:22)
"Therefore, everyone who hears these words of Mine, and acts on them, will be like a wise man who built his house on the rock.And the rain fell and the floods came, and the winds blew and slammed against that house; and yet it did not fall, for it had been founded on the rock.And everyone who hears these words of Mine, and does not act on them, will be like a foolish man who built his house on the sand.And the rain fell and the floods came, and the winds blew and slammed against that house; and it fell—and its collapse was great."(Matthew 7:24-27)
But He said, "On the contrary, blessed are those who hear the word of God and follow it."(Luke 11:28)
As for the things you have learned and received and heard and seen in me, practice these things, and the God of peace will be with you.(Philippians 4:9)
But He answered and said, "It is written: ‘Man shall not live on bread alone, but on every word that comes out of the mouth of God.’ "(Matthew 4:4)
Como reconhecer a voz de Deus
Jesus usa a relação entre o pastor e o rebanho para ilustrar como os discípulos aprendem a discernir a sua voz. Esse reconhecimento depende de convivência constante, apego à palavra revelada e atenção à ação de Deus:
My sheep listen to My voice, and I know them, and they follow Me;(John 10:27)
"Truly, truly, I say to you, the one who hears My word, and believes Him who sent Me, has eternal life, and does not come into judgment, but has passed out of death into life.
Truly, truly, I say to you, a time is coming and even now has arrived, when the dead will hear the voice of the Son of God, and those who hear will live.(John 5:24,25)
Behold, I stand at the door and knock; if anyone hears My voice and opens the door, I will come in to him and will dine with him, and he with Me.(Revelation 3:20)
You shall follow the Lord your God and fear Him; and you shall keep His commandments, listen to His voice, serve Him, and cling to Him.(Deuteronomy 13:4)
So then, does He who provides you with the Spirit and works miracles among you, do it by works of the Law, or by hearing with faith?(Galatians 3:5)
A certeza de que Deus ouve a oração
A escuta bíblica é uma via de mão dupla. Deus não é indiferente às aflições humanas: Ele inclina os ouvidos para atender o clamor sincero dos que o buscam com humildade e confiança:
I love the Lord, because He hears
My voice and my pleas.
Because He has inclined His ear to me,
Therefore I will call upon Him as long as I live.(Psalm 116:1,2)
The eyes of the Lord are toward the righteous,
And His ears are toward their cry for help.(Psalm 34:15)
In my distress I called upon the Lord,
And cried to my God for help;
He heard my voice from His temple,
And my cry for help before Him came into His ears.(Psalm 18:6)
This is the confidence which we have before Him, that, if we ask anything according to His will, He hears us.(1 John 5:14)
And if we know that He hears us in whatever we ask, we know that we have the requests which we have asked from Him.(1 John 5:15)
Then you will call upon Me and come and pray to Me, and I will listen to you.(Jeremiah 29:12)
‘Call to Me and I will answer you, and I will tell you great and mighty things, which you do not know.’(Jeremiah 33:3)
Behold, the Lord’s hand is not so short
That it cannot save;
Nor is His ear so dull
That it cannot hear.(Isaiah 59:1)
In the morning, Lord, You will hear my voice;
In the morning I will present myprayer to You and be on the watch.(Psalm 5:3)
Let me hear Your faithfulness in the morning,
For I trust in You;
Teach me the way in which I should walk;
For to You I lift up my soul.(Psalm 143:8)
Sabedoria para ouvir os outros
A Bíblia também orienta a escuta nas relações humanas diárias. Precipitar-se para falar antes de ouvir é sinal de insensatez, enquanto a paciência para acolher conselhos, correções e dialogar em momentos de conflito preserva a paz e edifica o próximo:
You know this, my beloved brothers and sisters. Now everyone must be quick to hear, slow to speak, and slow to anger;(James 1:19)
One who gives an answer before he hears,
It is foolishness and shame to him.(Proverbs 18:13)
One who pays attention to the word will find good,
And blessed is one who trusts in the Lord.(Proverbs 16:20)
One who is on the path of life follows instruction,
But one who ignores a rebuke goes astray.(Proverbs 10:17)
One who turns his ear away from listening to the Law,
Even his prayer is an abomination.(Proverbs 28:9)
It is better to listen to the rebuke of a wise person
Than for one to listen to the song of fools.(Ecclesiastes 7:5)
"Now if your brother sins, go and show him his fault in private; if he listens to you, you have gained your brother.But if he does not listen to you, take one or two more with you, so that on thetestimony of two or three witnesses everymatter may be confirmed.And if he refuses to listen to them, tell it to the church; and if he refuses to listen even to the church, he is to be to you as a Gentile and a tax collector.(Matthew 18:15-17)
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