Sofrimento
O sofrimento é uma realidade da vida neste mundo, mas a Bíblia revela que Deus está presente em toda dor, produzindo caráter, esperança e redenção através das tribulações.
O sofrimento de Cristo
Jesus sofreu por nós, carregando nossas dores e enfermidades. Ele é o modelo supremo de como enfrentar o sofrimento com fé e obediência.
Καὶ ἐκδύσαντες αὐτὸν περιέθηκαν αὐτῷ χλαμύδα κοκκίνην.35 A,N,W [99%] RP,HF,OC,CP,TR ¦ ∼ 3412 ℵB(D) [1%] NU Καὶ πλέξαντες στέφανον ἐξ ἀκανθῶν ἐπέθηκαν ἐπὶ τὴν κεφαλὴν35 A,D,N,W [99%] RP,HF,OC,CP,TR ¦ της κεφαλης ℵB [1%] NU ¦ one other variant αὐτοῦ, καὶ κάλαμον ἐπὶ τὴν δεξιὰν35 W [95%] RP,HF,OC,CP,TR ¦ εν τη δεξια ℵA,B,D,N [5%] NU αὐτοῦ· καὶ γονυπετήσαντες ἔμπροσθεν αὐτοῦ ἐνέπαιζον35 A,N,W [99%] RP,HF,OC,CP,TR ¦ ενεπαιξαν ℵB,D [1%] NU αὐτῷ λέγοντες, «Χαῖρε, ὁ Βασιλεὺς35 ℵA,N,W [97%] RP,HF,OC,CP,TR ¦ βασιλευ B,D [3%] NU τῶν Ἰουδαίων.»
Εἰς τοῦτο γὰρ καὶ35 𝕻72 [23%] CP ¦ --- 𝕻81ℵA,B,C [77%] RP,HF,OC,TR,NU (f35 [Kr] is independent of Kx and has the earliest attestation; the και is emphatic.) ἐκλήθητε, ὅτι καὶ Χριστὸς ἔπαθεν ὑπὲρ ἡμῶν,35 (85.3%) RP,HF,OC,TR,CP ¦ υμων (𝕻72,81v)(ℵA)B,Cv (14.7%) NU ὑμῖν35 (𝕻72,81vℵA,B,Cv) (85%) RP,HF,OC,CP,NU ¦ ημιν (15%) TR (For the four word sequence, επαθεν υπερ ημων υμιν, there are at least sixteen variations. Taking these last two sets together, NU has both pronouns in the 2nd person, while TR has both in the 1st person.) ὑπολιμπάνων ὑπογραμμὸν ἵνα ἐπακολουθήσητε τοῖς ἴχνεσιν αὐτοῦ·
τοῦ γνῶναι αὐτὸν καὶ τὴν δύναμιν τῆς ἀναστάσεως αὐτοῦ, καὶ τὴν35 [98%] RP,HF,OC,TR,CP[NU] ¦ --- 𝕻46ℵA,B [2%] κοινωνίαν τῶν35 A [99%] RP,HF,OC,TR,CP[NU] ¦ --- 𝕻46ℵB [1%] παθημάτων αὐτοῦ, συμμορφούμενος35 [97%] RP,HF,OC,TR,CP ¦ συμμορφιζομενος (ℵ)A [2%] NU ¦ συμορφιζομενος B ¦ συνφορτειζομενος [1%] ¦ --- 𝕻46 omits whole phrase τῷ θανάτῳ αὐτοῦ,
O propósito do sofrimento
Deus usa as tribulações para produzir perseverança, caráter e esperança. O sofrimento presente não se compara com a glória que será revelada.
Οὐ μόνον δέ, ἀλλὰ καὶ καυχώμεθα ἐν ταῖς θλίψεσιν, εἰδότες ὅτι ἡ θλῖψις ¦ --- CP ὑπομονὴν κατεργάζεται· ἡ δὲ ὑπομονή, δοκιμήν· ἡ δὲ δοκιμή, ἐλπίδα·
Λογίζομαι γὰρ ὅτι οὐκ ἄξια τὰ παθήματα τοῦ νῦν καιροῦ πρὸς τὴν μέλλουσαν δόξαν ἀποκαλυφθῆναι εἰς ἡμᾶς.
τὸ γὰρ παραυτίκα ἐλαφρὸν τῆς θλίψεως ἡμῶν καθ᾿ ὑπερβολὴν εἰς ὑπερβολὴν αἰώνιον βάρος δόξης κατεργάζεται ἡμῖν,
Ὅτι καθὼς περισσεύει τὰ παθήματα τοῦ Χριστοῦ εἰς ἡμᾶς, οὕτως διὰ τοῦ35 𝕻46ℵA,B,C [95%] RP,HF,CP,NU ¦ --- [5%] OC,TR Χριστοῦ περισσεύει ¦ περισσευη [1%] CP καὶ ἡ παράκλησις ἡμῶν.
Ὅτι ὑμῖν ἐχαρίσθη τὸ ὑπὲρ Χριστοῦ, οὐ μόνον τὸ εἰς αὐτὸν πιστεύειν ἀλλὰ καὶ τὸ ὑπὲρ αὐτοῦ πάσχειν,
Χριστοῦ οὖν παθόντος ὑπὲρ ἡμῶν35 A (88.4%) RP,HF,OC,TR,CP ¦ 1 υμων (ℵ) (7.2%) ¦ --- 𝕻72B,C (4.4%) NU σαρκί, καὶ ὑμεῖς τὴν αὐτὴν ἔννοιαν ὁπλίσασθε (ὅτι ὁ παθὼν σαρκὶ35 𝕻72ℵA,B,C [76%] NU ¦ εν 1 [24%] RP,HF,OC,TR,CP (OC is in small print.) πέπαυται ἁμαρτίας)
Consolação e companhia
Deus consola os aflitos para que possamos consolar outros. Nunca estamos sozinhos no sofrimento — Ele é o Pai das misericórdias.
Εὐλογητὸς ὁ Θεὸς καὶ Πατὴρ τοῦ Κυρίου ἡμῶν Ἰησοῦ Χριστοῦ, ὁ Πατὴρ τῶν οἰκτιρμῶν καὶ Θεὸς πάσης παρακλήσεως, ὁ παρακαλῶν ἡμᾶς ἐπὶ ¦ εν C [20%] OC πάσῃ τῇ θλίψει ἡμῶν, εἰς τὸ δύνασθαι ἡμᾶς παρακαλεῖν τοὺς ἐν πάσῃ θλίψει, διὰ τῆς παρακλήσεως ἧς παρακαλούμεθα αὐτοὶ ὑπὸ τοῦ Θεοῦ.
Ἀλλήλων τὰ βάρη βαστάζετε, καὶ οὕτως ἀναπληρώσατε35 ℵA,C [97.5%] RP,HF,OC,TR,CP ¦ αναπληρωσετε B [2%] NU ¦ αποπληρωσετε 𝕻46 ¦ one other variant τὸν νόμον τοῦ ¦ --- CP Χριστοῦ.
Ὁ δὲ Θεὸς πάσης χάριτος, ὁ καλέσας ὑμᾶς35 𝕻72ℵA,B [92%] RP,HF,OC,CP,NU ¦ ημας [8%] TR εἰς τὴν αἰώνιον αὐτοῦ δόξαν ἐν Χριστῷ Ἰησοῦ,35 𝕻72A [97%] RP,HF,OC,TR,CP[NU] ¦ --- ℵ(B) [3%] ECM ὀλίγον παθόντας, αὐτὸς καταρτίσαι35 [88%] RP,HF,TR,CP ¦ καταρτισει 𝕻72ℵA,B [12%] OC,NU ¦ two other readings ὑμᾶς35 [88%] RP,HF,OC,TR,CP ¦ --- 𝕻72ℵA,B [12%] NU—στηρίξαι,35 [33%] TR,CP ¦ στηριξει 𝕻72ℵA,B [66%] RP,HF,OC,NU ¦ στηριξοι [1%] (Future indicative or aorist optative?) σθενώσαι,35 [30%] TR,CP ¦ σθενωσει ℵA,B [66%] RP,HF,OC,NU ¦ σθενωσοι [1%] ¦ --- 𝕻72 [3%] ¦ one other variant θεμελιώσαι.35 [30%] TR,CP ¦ θεμελιωσει 𝕻72ℵ [66%] RP,HF,OC,NU ¦ θεμελιωσοι [1%] ¦ --- A,B [3%]
Ἀλλ᾿ εἰ καὶ πάσχοιτε35 𝕻72(ℵ)B,C [82%] RP,HF,OC,TR,NU ¦ ∼ 213 [8%] ¦ 12 πασχετε [5.5%] CP ¦ 1 δε 23 A [4.5%] διὰ δικαιοσύνην, μακάριοι. «Τὸν δὲ φόβον αὐτῶν μὴ φοβηθῆτε, μηδὲ ταραχθῆτε.»
Fé em meio à dor
Os grandes homens e mulheres de fé sofreram e perseveraram. O sofrimento nos aproxima de Deus e nos leva a entender seu coração.
καὶ ὃς οὐ λαμβάνει τὸν σταυρὸν αὐτοῦ καὶ ἀκολουθεῖ ὀπίσω μου οὐκ ἔστιν μου ἄξιος.
Ὁ εὑρὼν τὴν ψυχὴν αὐτοῦ ἀπολέσει αὐτήν, καὶ ὁ ἀπολέσας τὴν ψυχὴν αὐτοῦ ἕνεκεν ἐμοῦ εὑρήσει αὐτήν.
Καὶ ἐν τῷ ᾍδῃ ἐπάρας τοὺς ὀφθαλμοὺς αὐτοῦ, ὑπάρχων ἐν βασάνοις, ὁρᾷ τὸν35 A,N,W [99.5%] CP,HF,RP,TR,OC ¦ --- 𝕻75ℵB,D [0.5%] NU Ἁβραὰμ ἀπὸ μακρόθεν, καὶ Λάζαρον ἐν τοῖς κόλποις αὐτοῦ. Καὶ αὐτὸς φωνήσας εἶπεν, ‹Πάτερ Ἁβραάμ, ἐλέησόν με καὶ πέμψον Λάζαρον, ἵνα βάψῃ τὸ ἄκρον τοῦ δακτύλου αὐτοῦ ὕδατος καὶ καταψύξῃ τὴν γλῶσσάν μου· ὅτι ὀδυνῶμαι ἐν τῇ φλογὶ ταύτῃ.›
Τίς ἡμᾶς χωρίσει ἀπὸ τῆς ἀγάπης τοῦ Χριστοῦ; Θλῖψις ἢ στενοχωρία ἢ διωγμὸς ἢ λιμὸς ἢ γυμνότης ἢ κίνδυνος ἢ μάχαιρα;
Καὶ ἐὰν35 ℵ [97%] HF,RP,OC,TR,CP ¦ καν 𝕻46A,B,C [3%] NU ψωμίσω πάντα τὰ ὑπάρχοντά μου καὶ ἐὰν παραδῶ τὸ σῶμά μου ἵνα καυθήσομαι,35 (50.6%) OC ¦ καυθησωμαι C (44.7%) HF,RP,TR,CP ¦ καυθησεται (1%) ¦ καυθη (0.8%) ¦ καυχησωμαι 𝕻46ℵA,B (1.5%) NU ¦ καυχησομαι 048 (0.5%) ¦ four further variants (0.8%) (As one of the speakers at the Perry Hall Theological Forum, January, 2005, Maurice Robinson explained that he and Pierpont chose the main minority reading here because to them it was the most difficult [!!]. But people expect the Subjunctive with ἱνα, so many scribes probably made the change virtually without thinking.) ἀγάπην δὲ μὴ ἔχω, οὐδὲν ὠφελοῦμαι.
Ἐπικουρίας οὖν τυχὼν τῆς παρὰ35 [93%] HF,RP,OC,TR,CP ¦ απο ℵA,B [5%] NU ¦ υπο [2%] τοῦ Θεοῦ, ἄχρι τῆς ἡμέρας ταύτης ἕστηκα μαρτυρόμενος35 ℵA,B [75%] HF,RP,OC,CP,NU ¦ μαρτυρουμενος [12%] TR ¦ μαρτυρωμενος [13%] μικρῷ τε καὶ μεγάλῳ, οὐδὲν ἐκτὸς λέγων ὧν τε οἱ προφῆται ἐλάλησαν μελλόντων γίνεσθαι ¦ γενεσθαι [1%] OC καὶ Μωϋσῆς ¦ μωσης A,B [13%] TR —εἰ παθητὸς ὁ Χριστός· εἰ πρῶτος ἐξ ἀναστάσεως νεκρῶν φῶς μέλλει ¦ μελλειν [18%] ¦ μελλιν ℵ ¦ one other variant καταγγέλλειν τῷ τε35 ℵA,B [60%] NU ¦ --- [40%] HF,RP,OC,TR,CP λαῷ καὶ τοῖς ἔθνεσιν.»
Εἰρήνην διώκετε μετὰ πάντων, καὶ τὸν ἁγιασμὸν οὗ χωρὶς οὐδεὶς ὄψεται τὸν Κύριον·