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Sabedoria e ensino: 8 versículos para orientar sua missão

Óculos sobre Bíblia antiga aberta em "Provérbios", em mesa de madeira ao lado de uma xícara.

O que a Bíblia ensina sobre sabedoria e a tarefa de ensinar

A verdadeira sabedoria na Bíblia não é acúmulo de teoria, mas o temor a Deus orientando as escolhas práticas do dia a dia. Ensinar, nesse caminho, é o compromisso de traduzir essa verdade em vida, guiando o outro com paciência para que ele saiba como andar diante do Criador.

O temor a Deus como princípio de qualquer aprendizado

Salomão coloca os pés de quem busca conhecimento no chão: antes de acumular métodos ou respostas, é preciso reconhecer quem governa a vida para não edificar certezas sobre o vazio.

A fonte de onde brota o verdadeiro discernimento

Tira de você o peso de achar que precisa inventar saídas sozinho na hora de orientar alguém ou tomar uma decisão difícil no trabalho e na família.

O ensino vivido na rotina da casa

Moisés lembra pais e mães cansados de que educar na fé não depende de momentos solenes, mas de conversas sinceras à mesa, no caminho do dia e na hora de descansar.

A missão de formar discípulos nos passos de Jesus

Πορευθέντες35 ℵA [95%] RP,HF,OC,CP ¦ 1 ουν B,W [5%] TR,NU ¦ νυν D μαθητεύσατε πάντα τὰ ἔθνη· βαπτίζοντες αὐτοὺς εἰς τὸ ὄνομα τοῦ Πατρός, καὶ τοῦ Υἱοῦ, καὶ τοῦ Ἁγίου Πνεύματος· διδάσκοντες αὐτοὺς τηρεῖν πάντα ὅσα ἐνετειλάμην ὑμῖν· καὶ ἰδού, ἐγὼ μεθ᾿ ὑμῶν εἰμι πάσας τὰς ἡμέρας, ἕως τῆς συντελείας τοῦ αἰῶνος.» Ἀμήν.35 [98.5%] RP,HF,OC,CP,TR ¦ --- ℵA,B,D,W [1.5%] NU,35 [50%] have, "published eight years after the ascension of Christ", to which all but f35 add, "in Jerusalem". For 50% of the MSS to have this information probably means that the tradition is ancient; and of course, I have demonstrated, to my own satisfaction at least, that f35 goes back at least to the 3rd century. If this information is correct, then Matthew was ‘published’ in 38/39 AD. The same sources have Mark published two years later (40/41) and Luke another five years later (45/46), while John was ‘published’ thirty-two years after the ascension, or 61/62 AD. Not only were the authors eyewitnesses of the events, but many others were still alive when the Gospels appeared. They could attest to the veracity of the accounts, but could also be the source of textual variants, adding tidbits here and there, or ‘correcting’ something that they remembered differently.,35 is based on the following fifty-one MSS—18, 35, 55, 128, 204, 246, 363, 386, 402, 479, 510, 547, 553, 586, 685, 757, 789, 824, 867, 897, 928, 1062, 1072, 1075, 1111, 1117, 1145, 1189, 1339, 1435, 1461, 1496, 1503, 1551, 1560, 1572, 1637, 1652, 1667, 1694, 1713, 2122, 2175, 2253, 2352, 2382, 2466, 2503, 2554, 2765 and I.2110—all of which I collated myself. I also took account of two collated by Scrivener (201, 480), but did not re-collate them. 2554 is a ‘perfect’ representative of f35 in Matthew, as it stands, while the exemplars of 1072, 1117, 1461, 1496, 1713 and I.2110 presumably were as well. Others come very close. The uniformity is impressive. Since these MSS come from all over the Mediterranean world (Sinai, Jerusalem, Patmos, Bucharest, Moscow, Constantinople, Lesbos, Leukosia, Aegean, Meteora, Kalavrita, Tirana, Mt. Athos [ten different monasteries], Athens, Corinth?, Bologna, Grottaferrata, Vatican, etc.) they are certainly representative of the family, giving us the precise family profile—it is reflected in the Text without exception.I have included six published editions in the apparatus—RP,HF,OC,CP,TR,NU. RP = Robinson-Pierpont (2005), HF = Hodges-Farstad, OC = the Greek Text of the Greek Orthodox Church (also used by other Orthodox Churches), CP = Complutensian Polyglot, TR = Textus Receptus, NU = N-A26/UBS3 (N-A27/UBS4 offer changes in the critical apparatus, not in the text; the text is still that of N-A26/UBS3). In the statements of evidence I have included the percentage of manuscript attestation for each variant within either ( ) or [ ]. I have used ( ) for the evidence taken from TuT, which I take to be reasonably precise. For the variant sets that are not covered there, I mainly depended on Legg (Novum Testamentum Graece Secundum Textum Westcotto-Hortianum. Evangelium Secundum Matthaeum [Ed. S.C.E. Legg, Oxonii: E. Typographeo Clarendoniano, 1940]). I occasionally supplemented from Swanson, Scrivener and von Soden—the percentages offered, I have used [ ] for these, are extrapolations based on a comparison of these sources. I venture to predict, if complete collations ever become available, that for any non-Byzantine variants listed with 5 to 1% support (in my apparatus) the margin of error should not exceed ±2%; for non-Byzantine variants listed with 10 to 6% support the margin of error should hardly exceed ±4%; where there is some division among the Byzantine witnesses the margin of error should rarely exceed ±15%—since my sources had collated a lower percentage of the extant MSS than ECM for the General Epistles, for example, my guesses as to percentages are more tentative than they were there, except that I guarantee the witness of f35. As an arbitrary decision, I have limited the citation of individual MSS to those dated to the 5th century or earlier. I use rell to indicate that the reading is supported by all other primary witnesses, and printed editions (of the six included in the apparatus), compared to the other reading.(Matthew 28:19,20)

Dá autoridade e rumo a quem instrui na fé: a tarefa nunca foi impor convicções pessoais, mas caminhar com o outro até que ele aprenda a viver o que Cristo ensinou.

O recurso seguro para orientar e corrigir

Πᾶσα Γραφὴ Θεόπνευστος καὶ ὠφέλιμος πρὸς διδασκαλίαν, πρὸς ἔλεγχον,35 [96%] RP,HF,OC,TR,CP ¦ ελεγμον ℵA,C,I [4%] NU πρὸς ἐπανόρθωσιν, πρὸς παιδείαν τὴν ἐν δικαιοσύνῃ, ἵνα ἄρτιος ᾖ ὁ τοῦ Θεοῦ ἄνθρωπος, πρὸς πᾶν ἔργον ἀγαθὸν ἐξηρτισμένος. ¦ εξηρτημενος [10%] ¦ εξηρτιμενος [5%] ¦ εξηρτυμενος CP[?](2 Timothy 3:16,17)

Paulo entrega a quem ensina uma base firme: quando faltam palavras para corrigir sem ferir ou para aconselhar com equilíbrio, a Escritura fornece o critério e o preparo necessários.

O cuidado mútuo na vida comunitária

Ὁ λόγος τοῦ Χριστοῦ ¦ θεου A,C [9%] ¦ κυριου ℵ,I [1%] ἐνοικείτω ἐν ὑμῖν πλουσίως ἐν πάσῃ σοφίᾳ διδάσκοντες καὶ νουθετοῦντες ἑαυτούς, ψαλμοῖς καὶ35 Av,Iv [97%] RP,HF,OC,TR,CP ¦ --- ℵB,C [3%] NU ὕμνοις καὶ35 A,Iv [97%] RP,HF,OC,TR,CP ¦ --- ℵB,C [3%] NU ᾠδαῖς πνευματικαῖς ἐν35 ℵA,C [95%] RP,HF,OC,TR,CP ¦ 1 τη 𝕻46B [3%] [NU] ¦ --- [2%] χάριτι ᾄδοντες ἐν τῇ καρδίᾳ35 [95%] RP,HF,OC,TR,CP ¦ ταις καρδιαις 𝕻46ℵA,B,C [5%] NU ὑμῶν τῷ Κυρίῳ.35 [96%] RP,HF,OC,TR,CP ¦ θεω 𝕻46vℵA,B,C [4%] NU(Colossians 3:16)

Mostra que a instrução não é papel exclusivo de quem sobe ao púlpito, mas uma troca constante entre pessoas comuns que cantam juntas, se corrigem com graça e sustentam a fé do irmão.

O valor eterno de conduzir outros à justiça

Renova as forças do professor, do líder e dos pais quando o cansaço aperta e os frutos demoram: Deus enxerga e honra quem gasta a vida apontando a direção certa para os outros.

O socorro para quando falta clareza

Εἰ δέ τις ὑμῶν λείπεται σοφίας, αἰτείτω παρὰ τοῦ διδόντος Θεοῦ πᾶσιν ἁπλῶς καὶ οὐκ35 (70.3%) RP,HF,OC,CP ¦ μη ℵA,B,C (29.7%) TR,NU (James is stating a fact; God doesn’t reproach.) ὀνειδίζοντος, καὶ δοθήσεται αὐτῷ.(James 1:5)

Tiago acolhe quem se vê diante de um dilema sem saber o que fazer: Deus não zomba da sua limitação nem cobra garantias para responder; Ele reparte sabedoria com quem pede com sinceridade.

Leonardo TodoLUIS COSTA
2 deram Amém

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