Paul, Silas, and Timothy in Corinth
1 After these things he departed from Athens and*Here "and" is supplied because the previous participle ("departed") has been translated as a finite verb went to Corinth. 2 And he found a certain Jew namedLiterally "by name" Aquila, a nativeLiterally "by nationality" of Pontus who had arrived recently from Italy along withLiterally "and" Priscilla his wife, because Claudius had ordered all the Jews to depart from Rome, and*Here "and" is supplied because the previous participle ("found") has been translated as a finite verb he went to them. 3 And because he was practicing the same trade, he stayed with them and worked, for they were tentmakers by trade. 4 And he argued in the synagogue every Sabbath, attempting to persuade*Here the imperfect verb has been translated as conative ("attempting to persuade") both Jews and Greeks.
5 Now when both Silas and Timothy came down from Macedonia, Paul began to be occupied with*The imperfect tense has been translated as ingressive here ("began to be occupied with") the message, solemnly testifying to the Jews that the ChristOr "Messiah" was Jesus. 6 And when*Here "when" is supplied as a component of the temporal genitive absolute participle ("resisted") they resisted and reviled him,*Here the direct object is supplied from context in the English translation he shook out his*Literally "the"; the Greek article is used here as a possessive pronoun clothes and*Here "and" is supplied because the previous participle ("shook out") has been translated as a finite verb said to them, "Your blood be on your own heads! I am guiltless! From now on I will go to the Gentiles!" 7 And leaving there, he entered into the house of someone namedLiterally "by name" Titius Justus, a worshiperOr "a God-fearer" of God whose house was next door to the synagogue. 8 And Crispus, the ruler of the synagogue, believed in the Lord together with his whole household. And many of the Corinthians, when they*Here "when" is supplied as a component of the participle ("heard about") which is understood as temporal heard about it,*Here the direct object is supplied from context in the English translation believed and were baptized. 9 And the Lord said to Paul by a vision in the night, "Do not be afraid, but speak and do not keep silent, 10 because I am with you and no one will attack you to harm you, because many people are mine in this city." 11 So he stayed a year and six months, teaching the word of God among them.
Paul Accused Before the Proconsul Gallio
12 Now when*Here "when" is supplied as a component of the temporal genitive absolute participle ("was") Gallio was proconsul of Achaia, the Jews rose up with one purpose against Paul and brought him before the judgment seat, 13 saying, "This man is persuading people to worship God contrary to the law!" 14 But when*Here "when" is supplied as a component of the temporal genitive absolute participle ("was about") Paul was about to open his*Literally "the"; the Greek article is used here as a possessive pronoun mouth, Gallio said to the Jews, "If it was some crime or wicked villainy, O Jews, I would have been justified in acceptingLiterally "with respect to a motive I would have accepted" your complaint. 15 But if it is questions concerning a word and names and your own law,Literally "the according to you law" see to it*Here the direct object is supplied from context in the English translation yourselves! I do not wish to be a judge of these things." 16 And he drove them away from the judgment seat. 17 So they all seized Sosthenes, the ruler of the synagogue, and*Here "and" is supplied because the previous participle ("seized") has been translated as a finite verb began beating*The imperfect tense has been translated as ingressive here ("began beating") him*Here the direct object is supplied from context in the English translation in front of the judgment seat. And none of these things was a concern to Gallio.
Paul Returns to Antioch in Syria
18 So Paul, after*Here "after" is supplied as a component of the participle ("remaining") which is understood as temporal remaining many days longer, said farewell to the brothers and*Here "and" is supplied because the previous participle ("said farewell") has been translated as a finite verb sailed away to Syria, and with him Priscilla and Aquila. He shaved his*Literally "the"; the Greek article is used here as a possessive pronoun head at Cenchrea, because he had taken a vow.19 So they arrived at Ephesus, and those he left behind there, but he himself entered into the synagogue and*Here "and" is supplied because the previous participle ("entered") has been translated as a finite verb discussed with the Jews. 20 And when*Here "when" is supplied as a component of the temporal genitive absolute participle ("asked") they asked him*Here the direct object is supplied from context in the English translation to stay for a longer time, he did not give his consent, 21 but saying farewell and telling them,*Here the direct object is supplied from context in the English translation "I will return to you again if*Here "if" is supplied as a component of the conditional adverbial participle ("wills") God wills," he set sail from Ephesus.
22 And when he*Here "when" is supplied as a component of the participle ("arrived") which is understood as temporal arrived at Caesarea, he went up and greeted the church, and*Here "and" is supplied because the two previous participles ("went up" and "greeted") have been translated as finite verbs went down to Antioch. 23 And after*Here "after" is supplied as a component of the participle ("spending") which is understood as temporal spending some time there, he departed, traveling through one place after another in the Galatian region and Phrygia, strengthening all the disciples.
The Early Ministry of Apollos
24 Now a certain Jew namedLiterally "by name" Apollos, a nativeLiterally "by nationality" Alexandrian, arrived in Ephesus—an eloquent man who was well-versed in the scriptures. 25 This man had been instructed in the way of the Lord, and being enthusiastic in spirit, he was speaking and teaching accurately the things about Jesus, although he*Here "although" is supplied as a component of the participle ("knew") which is understood as concessive knew only the baptism of John. 26 And he began to speak boldly in the synagogue, but when*Here "when" is supplied as a component of the participle ("heard") which is understood as temporal Priscilla and Aquila heard him, they took him aside and explained the way of God to him more accurately. 27 And when*Here "when" is supplied as a component of the temporal genitive absolute participle ("wanted") he wanted to cross over to Achaia, the brothers encouraged him*Here the direct object is supplied from context in the English translation and*Here "and" is supplied because the previous participle ("encouraged") has been translated as a finite verb wrote to the disciples to welcome him. When he*Here "when" is supplied as a component of the participle ("arrived") which is understood as temporal arrived, heLiterally "who" assisted greatly those who had believed through grace. 28 For he was vigorously refuting the Jews in public, demonstrating through the scriptures that the ChristOr "Messiah" was Jesus.