Filho de Deus: o que significa a divindade de Jesus?
O que significa Jesus ser o Filho de Deus
Na Bíblia, o título "Filho de Deus" afirma a plena divindade de Jesus e a Sua igualdade de natureza com o Pai. Não significa que Jesus foi criado no tempo nem que teve uma origem biológica, mas que Ele compartilha da mesma essência divina e é a revelação exata do Deus invisível.
No contexto judaico do primeiro século, falar da relação de filho com o pai indicava identidade de natureza e representação total. Quando Jesus chamou Deus de Seu próprio Pai, os líderes religiosos entenderam de imediato o peso daquela afirmação:
And Jesus answered them, "My Father works until now, and I work"; because of this, then, were the Jews seeking the more to kill Him, because not only was He breaking the Sabbath, but He also called God His own Father, making Himself equal to God.(John 5:17,18)
O Antigo Testamento já apontava para esse mistério, anunciando séculos antes que o menino que nasceria receberia títulos divinos:
For a Child has been born to us, || A Son has been given to us, || And the dominion is on His shoulder, || And He calls His Name || Wonderful, Counselor, Mighty God, || Father of Eternity, Prince of Peace.(Isaiah 9:6)
O Novo Testamento confirma que o Filho é a presença visível de Deus entre os seres humanos, eterno e criador de todas as coisas:
And the Word became flesh, and dwelt among us, and we beheld His glory, glory as of [the] only begotten of [the] Father, full of grace and truth.(John 1:14)
No one has ever seen God; the only begotten God who is on the bosom of the Father—He has expounded [Him].(John 1:18)
who being the brightness of the glory, and the impress of His subsistence, bearing up also all things by the saying of His might—having made a cleansing of our sins through Himself, sat down at the right hand of the Greatness in the highest, having become so much better than the messengers, as He inherited a more excellent name than them.(Hebrews 1:3,4)
O testemunho do Pai e a confissão de Pedro
A identidade de Jesus como Filho de Deus não surgiu como um rumor popular, mas foi afirmada pelo próprio Deus no início do ministério público de Cristo:
And having been immersed, Jesus immediately went up from the water, and behold, the heavens were opened to Him, and He saw the Spirit of God descending as a dove, and coming on Him, and behold, a voice out of the heavens, saying, "This is My Son, the Beloved, in whom I delighted."(Matthew 3:16,17)
A resposta esperada diante dessa revelação é o reconhecimento. Em Cesareia de Filipe, quando Jesus perguntou aos discípulos sobre a Sua identidade, Pedro expressou a base da fé cristã:
And Jesus, having come to the parts of Caesarea Philippi, was asking His disciples, saying, "Who do men say I am—the Son of Man?" And they said, "Some, John the Immerser, and others, Elijah, and others, Jeremiah, or one of the prophets." He says to them, "And you—who do you say I am?" And Simon Peter answering said, "You are the Christ, the Son of the living God."(Matthew 16:13-16)
Reconhecer Jesus como o Filho enviado por Deus é o ponto de partida da comunhão com o Criador:
whoever may confess that Jesus is the Son of God, God remains in him, and he in God;(1 John 4:15)
Por que Deus enviou o Seu Filho
O envio do Filho à Terra teve um propósito definido: resgatar a humanidade da condenação do pecado e manifestar o amor do Pai de forma concreta na história.
for God so loved the world that He gave the only begotten Son, that everyone who is believing in Him may not perish, but may have continuous life.(John 3:16)
In this was revealed the love of God in us, because God has sent His only begotten Son into the world, that we may live through Him; in this is love, not that we loved God, but that He loved us, and sent His Son [as] the propitiation for our sins.(1 John 4:9,10)
Ao se entregar na cruz e ressuscitar, o Filho desfez o poder do mal e reconciliou com Deus aqueles que estavam separados dEle:
he who is doing sin, he is of the Devil, because the Devil sins from the beginning; for this [reason] the Son of God appeared, that He may undo the works of the Devil;(1 John 3:8)
for if, being enemies, we have been reconciled to God through the death of His Son, much more, having been reconciled, we will be saved in His life.(Romans 5:10)
A autoridade do Filho e a nova vida de quem crê
O Pai conferiu ao Filho a autoridade de julgar e de conceder vida. Ter o Filho significa ter a própria vida espiritual restaurada:
For as the Father raises the dead, and makes alive, so also the Son makes alive whom He wills; for neither does the Father judge anyone, but all the judgment He has given to the Son, that all may honor the Son according as they honor the Father; he who is not honoring the Son, does not honor the Father who sent Him.(John 5:21-23)
Truly, truly, I say to you, [that] there comes an hour, and it now is, when the dead will hear the voice of the Son of God, and those having heard will live; for as the Father has life in Himself, so He gave also to the Son to have life in Himself,(John 5:25,26)
he who is having the Son has life; he who is not having the Son of God does not have life.(1 John 5:12)
Quem recebe a Jesus deixa de ser apenas criatura e passa a fazer parte da família de Deus. Pela obra do Filho eterno, os crentes recebem o Espírito Santo e são adotados como filhos do Pai:
but as many as received Him, to them He gave authority to become sons of God—to those believing in His Name, who were begotten, not of blood, nor of will of flesh, nor of will of man, but of God.(John 1:12,13)
and when the fullness of time came, God sent forth His Son, come of a woman, come under law, that He may redeem those under law, that we may receive the adoption as sons; and because you are sons, God sent forth the Spirit of His Son into your hearts, crying, "Abba! Father!"(Galatians 4:4-6)
Essa nova condição transforma o cotidiano: a vida agora é conduzida pela fé no Filho de Deus, que se entregou por cada pessoa.
I have been crucified with Christ, and I no longer live, but Christ lives in me; and that which I now live in the flesh—I live in the faith of the Son of God, who loved me and gave Himself for me;(Galatians 2:20)
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