1 Kings 1

David in His Old Age

1 King David was now an old man, and he always felt cold, even under a lot of blankets. 2 His officials said, "Your Majesty, we will look for a young woman to take care of you. She can lie down beside you and keep you warm." 3,4 They looked everywhere in Israel until they found a very beautiful young woman named Abishag, who lived in the town of Shunem.*1.3,4 Shunem: A town in northern Israel, just north of Jezreel Valley. They brought her to David, and she took care of him. But David did not have sex with her.

Adonijah Tries To Become King

5,6 *2 S 3.2-5. Adonijah was the son of David and Haggith. He was Absalom’s younger brother*1.5,6 brother: Since Absalom was dead, Adonijah was now David’s oldest living son and would be next in line to be king. and was very handsome. One day, Adonijah started bragging, "I’m going to make myself king!" So he got some chariots and horses, and he hired 50 men as bodyguards. David did not want to hurt his feelings, so he never asked Adonijah why he was doing these things.

7 Adonijah met with Joab the son of Zeruiah and Abiathar the priest and asked them if they would help him become king. Both of them agreed to help. 8 But Zadok the priest, Benaiah the son of Jehoiada, Nathan the prophet, Shimei, Rei,*1.8 Shimei, Rei: Or "Shimei his advisor." and David’s bodyguards all refused.

9 Adonijah invited his brothers and David’s officials from Judah to go with him to Crawling Rock*1.9 Crawling Rock: Or "Zoheleth Rock." near Rogel Spring, where he sacrificed some sheep, cattle, and fat calves.*1.9 sacrificed … calves: This was part of a ceremony where Adonijah was made the new king.10 But he did not invite Nathan, Benaiah, David’s bodyguards, or his own brother Solomon.

11 *2 S 12.24. When Nathan heard what had happened, he asked Bathsheba, Solomon’s mother:

Have you heard that Adonijah the son of Haggith has made himself king? But David doesn’t know a thing about it. 12 You and your son Solomon will be killed, unless you do what I tell you. 13 Go say to David, "You promised me that Solomon would be the next king. So why is Adonijah now king?"

14 While you are still talking to David, I’ll come in and tell him that everything you said is true.

15 Meanwhile, David was in his bedroom where Abishag was taking care of him because he was so old. Bathsheba went in 16 and bowed down.

"What can I do for you?" David asked.

17 Bathsheba answered:

Your Majesty, you promised me in the name of the Lord your God that my son Solomon would be the next king. 18 But Adonijah has already been made king, and you didn’t know anything about it. 19 He sacrificed a lot of cattle, calves, and sheep. And he invited Abiathar the priest, Joab your army commander, and all your sons to be there, except Solomon, your loyal servant.

20 Your Majesty, everyone in Israel is waiting for you to announce who will be the next king. 21 If you don’t, they will say that Solomon and I have rebelled. They will treat us like criminals and kill us as soon as you die.

22 Just then, Nathan the prophet arrived. 23 Someone told David that he was there, and Nathan came in. He bowed with his face to the ground 24 and said:

Your Majesty, did you say that Adonijah would be king? 25 Earlier today, he sacrificed a lot of cattle, calves, and sheep. He invited the army commanders, Abiathar, and all your sons to be there. They are already eating and drinking and shouting, "Long live King Adonijah!" 26 But he didn’t invite me or Zadok the priest or Benaiah or Solomon. 27 Did you say they could do this without telling the rest of us who would be the next king?

Solomon Becomes King

28 David said, "Tell Bathsheba to come here." She came and stood in front of him. 29,30 Then he said, "The living Lord God of Israel has kept me safe. And so today, I will keep the promise I made to you in his name: Solomon will be the next king!"

31 Bathsheba bowed with her face to the ground and said, "Your Majesty, I pray that you will live a long time!"

32 Then David said, "Tell Zadok, Nathan, and Benaiah to come here."

When they arrived, 33 he told them:

Take along some of my officials and let Solomon ride my own mule to Gihon Spring. 34 When you get there, Zadok and Nathan will pour olive oil over Solomon’s head to show that he is the new king of Israel. Then order someone to blow a trumpet and tell everyone to shout, "Long live King Solomon!" 35 Bring him back here, and he will take my place as king. He is the one I have chosen to rule Israel and Judah.

36 Benaiah answered, "We will do it, Your Majesty. I pray that the Lord your God will let it happen. 37 The Lord has always watched over you, and I pray that he will now watch over Solomon. May the Lord help Solomon to be an even greater king than you."

38 Zadok, Nathan, and Benaiah left and took along the two groups of David’s special bodyguards.*1.38 the two … bodyguards: The Hebrew text has "the Cherethites and the Pelethites," who were foreign soldiers hired by David to be part of his bodyguard. Solomon rode on David’s mule as they led him to Gihon Spring. 39 Zadok the priest brought some olive oil from the sacred tent and poured it on Solomon’s head to show that he was now king. A trumpet was blown and everyone shouted, "Long live King Solomon!" 40 Then they played flutes and celebrated as they followed Solomon back to Jerusalem. They made so much noise that the ground shook.

41 Adonijah and his guests had almost finished eating when they heard the noise. Joab also heard the trumpet and asked, "What’s all that noise about in the city?"

42 Just then, Jonathan son of Abiathar came running up. "Come in," Adonijah said. "An important man like you must have some good news."

43 Jonathan answered:

No, I don’t! David has just announced that Solomon will be king. 44,45 Solomon rode David’s own mule to Gihon Spring, and Zadok, Nathan, Benaiah, and David’s special bodyguards*1.44,45 David’s special bodyguards: See the note at 1.38. went with him. When they got there, Zadok and Nathan made Solomon king. Then everyone celebrated all the way back to Jerusalem. That’s the noise you hear in the city. 46 Solomon is now king.

47 And listen to this! David’s officials told him, "We pray that your God will help Solomon to be an even greater king!"

David was in his bed at the time, but he bowed 48 and prayed, "I praise you, Lord God of Israel. You have made my son Solomon king and have let me live to see it."

49 Adonijah’s guests shook with fear when they heard this news, and they left as fast as they could. 50 Adonijah himself was afraid of what Solomon might do to him, so he ran to the sacred tent and grabbed hold of the corners of the altar for protection.*1.50 the corners … for protection: The four corners of some ancient altars looked like animal horns. Since the entire altar was sacred, anyone holding on to its corners was supposed to be safe from being killed.

51 Someone told Solomon, "Adonijah is afraid of you and is holding onto the corners of the altar. He wants you to promise that you won’t kill him."

52 Solomon answered, "If Adonijah doesn’t cause any trouble, I won’t hurt him. But if he does, I’ll have him killed." 53 Then he sent someone to the altar to get Adonijah.

After Adonijah came and bowed down, Solomon said, "Adonijah, go home."