1 When Ephraim spoke, 13:1 Jb 29:21–22 there was trembling;
he was exalted in Israel. 13:1 Jdg 8:1; 12:1
But he incurred guilt through Baal 13:1 Hs 2:8–17; 11:2 and died.
2 Now they continue to sin
and make themselves a cast image, 13:2 Is 46:6; Jr 10:4; Hs 2:8
idols skillfully made from their silver, 13:2 Is 44:17–20
all of them the work of craftsmen. 13:2 Hs 8:6
People say about them,
"Let the men who sacrifice 13:2 Or "Those who make human sacrifices kiss the calves." 13:2 Hs 8:5–6; 10:5
3 Therefore, they will be like the morning mist, 13:3 Hs 6:4
like the early dew that vanishes,
like chaff blown from a threshing floor, 13:3 Ps 1:4; Is 17:13; Dn 2:35
or like smoke from a window. 13:3 Ps 68:2
Death and Resurrection
4 I have been the Lord your God 13:4 Hs 12:9
ever since 13:4 DSS, LXX read God who brought you out of the land of Egypt;
you know no God but me, 13:4 Ex 20:3; 2Kg 18:35
and no Savior exists besides me. 13:4 Is 43:11; 45:21–22
5 I knew 13:5 LXX, Syr read fed you in the wilderness, 13:5 Dt 32:10
in the land of drought.
6 When they had pasture,
they became satisfied; 13:6 Dt 8:12,14; 32:13–15; Jr 5:7
they were satisfied,
and their hearts became proud. 13:6 Hs 7:14
Therefore they forgot me. 13:6 Hs 2:13; 4:6; 8:14
7 So I will be like a lion 13:7 Hs 5:14 to them;
I will lurk like a leopard 13:7 Jr 5:6 on the path.
8 I will attack them
like a bear robbed of her cubs
and tear open the rib cage over their hearts.
I will devour them there like a lioness, 13:8 Ps 50:22
like a wild beast that would rip them open.
9 I will destroy you, Israel;
you have no help but me. 13:9 LXX reads At your destruction, Israel, who will help you?, 13:9 Jr 2:17,19; Hs 6:1–2; Mal 1:12–13
10 Where now is your king, 13:10 LXX, Syr, Vg; MT reads I will be your king, 13:10 2Kg 17:4; Hs 8:4
that he may save you in all your cities,
and the 13:10 Lit your rulers 13:10 Or judges, 13:10 Hs 7:7 you demanded, saying,
"Give me a king and leaders"?
11 I give you a king in my anger 13:11 1Sm 8:7
and take away a king in my wrath. 13:11 1Kg 14:7–10; Hs 10:7
12 Ephraim’s guilt is preserved;
his sin is stored up. 13:12 Dt 32:34–35; Jb 14:17; Rm 2:5
13 Labor pains come on him. 13:13 Mc 4:9–10
He is not a wise son; 13:13 Dt 32:6; Hs 5:4
when the time comes,
he will not be born. 13:13 Lit he will not present himself at the opening of the womb for sons, 13:13 Is 37:3; 66:9
14 I will ransom them from the power of Sheol.
I will redeem 13:14 Or Should I ransom . . . ? Should I redeem . . . ? them from death. 13:14 Hs 6:1–2
Death, where are your barbs?
Sheol, where is your sting? 13:14 1Co 15:55
Compassion is hidden from my eyes. 13:14 Jr 20:16; 31:35–37
The Coming Judgment
15 Although he flourishes among his brothers, 13:15 Or among reeds, 13:15 Gn 49:22; Hs 10:1
an east wind will come, 13:15 Gn 41:6; Jr 4:11–12; Ezk 17:10; 19:12
a wind from the Lord rising up from the desert.
His water source will fail,
and his spring will run dry. 13:15 Jr 51:36
The wind 13:15 Probably the Assyrian king will plunder the treasury 13:15 Jr 20:5
of every precious item.
16 Samaria 13:16 Hs 7:1 will bear her guilt 13:16 Hs 10:2
because she has rebelled against her God. 13:16 Hs 7:14
They will fall by the sword; 13:16 Hs 11:6
their children will be dashed to pieces, 13:16 Hs 10:14
and their pregnant women ripped open. 13:16 2Kg 15:16