O que são milagres e qual o seu propósito na Bíblia?

O que a Bíblia ensina sobre os milagres

Na Bíblia, o milagre é uma intervenção direta e soberana de Deus na história humana, alterando o curso natural dos fatos para cumprir um propósito divino. Eles nunca acontecem como mero espetáculo: nas Escrituras, cada ato extraordinário funciona como um sinal que revela quem Deus é, confirma a Sua palavra e aponta para o Seu Reino.

Desde o livramento de Israel no Mar Vermelho até os feitos narrados nos profetas, o milagre testemunha que o Criador não está limitado pelas leis da própria criação.

27 Behold, I am the LORD, the God of all flesh: is there any thing too hard for me?(Jeremiah 32:27)

37 For with God nothing shall be impossible.(Luke 1:37)

26 But Jesus beheld them, and said unto them, With men this is impossible; but with God all things are possible.(Matthew 19:26)

21 And Moses stretched out his hand over the sea; and the LORD caused the sea to go back by a strong east wind all that night, and made the sea dry land, and the waters were divided. 22 And the children of Israel went into the midst of the sea upon the dry ground: and the waters were a wall unto them on their right hand, and on their left.(Exodus 14:21,22)

11 I will remember the works of the LORD: surely I will remember thy wonders of old.

12 I will meditate also of all thy work, and talk of thy doings.(Psalms 77:11,12)

14 Thou art the God that doest wonders: thou hast declared thy strength among the people.(Psalms 77:14)

A fé e a soberania divina

Nos Evangelhos, Jesus frequentemente associa o milagre à confiança de quem se aproxima dele. No entanto, a Bíblia não trata a fé como uma força mágica ou um mecanismo de barganha que obriga Deus a agir; a fé bíblica é a certeza humilde de que Deus tem poder para intervir segundo a Sua própria vontade.

A falta de fé, por outro lado, revela um coração fechado à ação divina, como ocorreu na própria cidade de Jesus, onde a incredulidade impediu o reconhecimento dos Seus feitos.

20 And Jesus said unto them, Because of your unbelief: for verily I say unto you, If ye have faith as a grain of mustard seed, ye shall say unto this mountain, Remove hence to yonder place; and it shall remove; and nothing shall be impossible unto you.(Matthew 17:20)

23 Jesus said unto him, If thou canst believe, all things are possible to him that believeth.(Mark 9:23)

50 But when Jesus heard it, he answered him, saying, Fear not: believe only, and she shall be made whole.(Luke 8:50)

21 Jesus answered and said unto them, Verily I say unto you, If ye have faith, and doubt not, ye shall not only do this which is done to the fig tree, but also if ye shall say unto this mountain, Be thou removed, and be thou cast into the sea; it shall be done.(Matthew 21:21)

58 And he did not many mighty works there because of their unbelief.(Matthew 13:58)

27 And Jesus looking upon them saith, With men it is impossible, but not with God: for with God all things are possible.(Mark 10:27)

27 And he said, The things which are impossible with men are possible with God.(Luke 18:27)

Os milagres de Jesus: cura, provisão e misericórdia

O ministério terreno de Cristo foi marcado por atos de compaixão diante da dor humana. Em Caná da Galileia, na cura da mulher encurvada ou na multiplicação dos pães, Jesus respondeu à aflição concreta das pessoas e demonstrou autoridade sobre doenças, carências materiais e forças da natureza.

Essas ações serviram para atestar publicamente que ele era o Messias prometido, inaugurando o tempo da reconciliação com Deus.

11 This beginning of miracles did Jesus in Cana of Galilee, and manifested forth his glory; and his disciples believed on him.(John 2:11)

16 Then he took the five loaves and the two fishes, and looking up to heaven, he blessed them, and brake, and gave to the disciples to set before the multitude. 17 And they did eat, and were all filled: and there was taken up of fragments that remained to them twelve baskets.(Luke 9:16,17)

10 And he was teaching in one of the synagogues on the sabbath.

11 And, behold, there was a woman which had a spirit of infirmity eighteen years, and was bowed together, and could in no wise lift up herself. 12 And when Jesus saw her, he called her to him, and said unto her, Woman, thou art loosed from thine infirmity. 13 And he laid his hands on her: and immediately she was made straight, and glorified God. 14 And the ruler of the synagogue answered with indignation, because that Jesus had healed on the sabbath day, and said unto the people, There are six days in which men ought to work: in them therefore come and be healed, and not on the sabbath day. 15 The Lord then answered him, and said, Thou hypocrite, doth not each one of you on the sabbath loose his ox or his ass from the stall, and lead him away to watering? 16 And ought not this woman, being a daughter of Abraham, whom Satan hath bound, lo, these eighteen years, be loosed from this bond on the sabbath day? 17 And when he had said these things, all his adversaries were ashamed: and all the people rejoiced for all the glorious things that were done by him.(Luke 13:10-17)

49 But when they saw him walking upon the sea, they supposed it had been a spirit, and cried out: 50 For they all saw him, and were troubled. And immediately he talked with them, and saith unto them, Be of good cheer: it is I; be not afraid.(Mark 6:49,50)

14 Then those men, when they had seen the miracle that Jesus did, said, This is of a truth that prophet that should come into the world.(John 6:14)

15 And the prayer of faith shall save the sick, and the Lord shall raise him up; and if he have committed sins, they shall be forgiven him. 16 Confess your faults one to another, and pray one for another, that ye may be healed. The effectual fervent prayer of a righteous man availeth much.(James 5:15,16)

17 Elias was a man subject to like passions as we are, and he prayed earnestly that it might not rain: and it rained not on the earth by the space of three years and six months. 18 And he prayed again, and the heaven gave rain, and the earth brought forth her fruit.(James 5:17,18)

Sinais na igreja primitiva e a pregação do Evangelho

Após a ascensão de Jesus, o livro de Atos registra apóstolos e discípulos realizando sinais extraordinários no nome de Jesus. O objetivo desses acontecimentos era autenticar a mensagem da cruz diante de judeus e gentios, fortalecendo a proclamação da verdade em meio à perseguição.

As cartas do Novo Testamento mostram que a operação de milagres também faz parte dos dons distribuídos pelo Espírito Santo para a edificação da comunidade de fé.

22 Ye men of Israel, hear these words; Jesus of Nazareth, a man approved of God among you by miracles and wonders and signs, which God did by him in the midst of you, as ye yourselves also know:(Acts 2:22)

31 And when they had prayed, the place was shaken where they were assembled together; and they were all filled with the Holy Ghost, and they spake the word of God with boldness.(Acts 4:31)

11 And God wrought special miracles by the hands of Paul: 12 So that from his body were brought unto the sick handkerchiefs or aprons, and the diseases departed from them, and the evil spirits went out of them.(Acts 19:11,12)

12 Truly the signs of an apostle were wrought among you in all patience, in signs, and wonders, and mighty deeds.(2 Corinthians 12:12)

8 For to one is given by the Spirit the word of wisdom; to another the word of knowledge by the same Spirit; 9 To another faith by the same Spirit; to another the gifts of healing by the same Spirit; 10 To another the working of miracles; to another prophecy; to another discerning of spirits; to another divers kinds of tongues; to another the interpretation of tongues:(1 Corinthians 12:8-10)

28 And God hath set some in the church, first apostles, secondarily prophets, thirdly teachers, after that miracles, then gifts of healings, helps, governments, diversities of tongues.(1 Corinthians 12:28)

39 But Jesus said, Forbid him not: for there is no man which shall do a miracle in my name, that can lightly speak evil of me. 40 For he that is not against us is on our part.(Mark 9:39,40)

O milagre maior: a encarnação e a ressurreição

Embora curas físicas e provisões alimentares façam parte da narrativa bíblica, o ápice da intervenção de Deus na história é a pessoa de Jesus Cristo. Seu nascimento de uma virgem e sua ressurreição dentre os mortos constituem a vitória definitiva sobre o pecado e a morte.

O apóstolo João conclui que o valor central desses registros não é alimentar a curiosidade, mas levar quem lê a crer que Jesus é o Filho de Deus e, crendo, ter vida eterna.

14 Therefore the Lord himself shall give you a sign; Behold, a virgin shall conceive, and bear a son, and shall call his name Immanuel.(Isaiah 7:14)

22 Now all this was done, that it might be fulfilled which was spoken of the Lord by the prophet, saying, 23 Behold, a virgin shall be with child, and shall bring forth a son, and they shall call his name Emmanuel, which being interpreted is, God with us.(Matthew 1:22,23)

9 And when he had spoken these things, while they beheld, he was taken up; and a cloud received him out of their sight.(Acts 1:9)

7 And I fell unto the ground, and heard a voice saying unto me, Saul, Saul, why persecutest thou me?(Acts 22:7)

8 Then went in also that other disciple, which came first to the sepulchre, and he saw, and believed. 9 For as yet they knew not the scripture, that he must rise again from the dead.(John 20:8,9)

29 Jesus saith unto him, Thomas, because thou hast seen me, thou hast believed: blessed are they that have not seen, and yet have believed.

30 And many other signs truly did Jesus in the presence of his disciples, which are not written in this book: 31 But these are written, that ye might believe that Jesus is the Christ, the Son of God; and that believing ye might have life through his name.(John 20:29-31)

O discernimento contra sinais enganosos

As Escrituras advertem com firmeza: a manifestação de algo sobrenatural não é garantia de que sua origem seja divina. Tanto o Antigo quanto o Novo Testamento ensinam que sinais podem ser imitados ou usados para desviar o povo da verdade.

Jesus e os profetas alertaram contra a busca doentia por prodígios e condenaram a postura daqueles que viram milagres evidentes, mas se recusaram a se arrepender de seus caminhos.

1 If there arise among you a prophet, or a dreamer of dreams, and giveth thee a sign or a wonder, 2 And the sign or the wonder come to pass, whereof he spake unto thee, saying, Let us go after other gods, which thou hast not known, and let us serve them; 3 Thou shalt not hearken unto the words of that prophet, or that dreamer of dreams: for the LORD your God proveth you, to know whether ye love the LORD your God with all your heart and with all your soul. 4 Ye shall walk after the LORD your God, and fear him, and keep his commandments, and obey his voice, and ye shall serve him, and cleave unto him.(Deuteronomy 13:1-4)

38 Then certain of the scribes and of the Pharisees answered, saying, Master, we would see a sign from thee. 39 But he answered and said unto them, An evil and adulterous generation seeketh after a sign; and there shall no sign be given to it, but the sign of the prophet Jonas: 40 For as Jonas was three days and three nights in the whale’s belly; so shall the Son of man be three days and three nights in the heart of the earth.(Matthew 12:38-40)

20 Then began he to upbraid the cities wherein most of his mighty works were done, because they repented not: 21 Woe unto thee, Chorazin! woe unto thee, Bethsaida! for if the mighty works, which were done in you, had been done in Tyre and Sidon, they would have repented long ago in sackcloth and ashes. 22 But I say unto you, It shall be more tolerable for Tyre and Sidon at the day of judgment, than for you. 23 And thou, Capernaum, which art exalted unto heaven, shalt be brought down to hell: for if the mighty works, which have been done in thee, had been done in Sodom, it would have remained until this day. 24 But I say unto you, That it shall be more tolerable for the land of Sodom in the day of judgment, than for thee.(Matthew 11:20-24)

13 And I saw three unclean spirits like frogs come out of the mouth of the dragon, and out of the mouth of the beast, and out of the mouth of the false prophet. 14 For they are the spirits of devils, working miracles, which go forth unto the kings of the earth and of the whole world, to gather them to the battle of that great day of God Almighty.(Revelation 16:13,14)

O testemunho contínuo da criação

Além dos eventos que rompem o curso normal do mundo, a Bíblia reconhece que a manutenção diária da vida e a complexidade do ser humano já revelam a grandeza miraculosa de Deus. Toda a ordem criada aponta para o Criador que a sustenta momento a momento.

13 For thou hast possessed my reins: thou hast covered me in my mother’s womb.

14 I will praise thee; for I am fearfully and wonderfully made: marvellous are thy works; and that my soul knoweth right well.(Psalms 139:13,14)

1 I will praise thee, O LORD, with my whole heart; I will shew forth all thy marvellous works.(Psalms 9:1)

37 And when he was come nigh, even now at the descent of the mount of Olives, the whole multitude of the disciples began to rejoice and praise God with a loud voice for all the mighty works that they had seen; 38 Saying, Blessed be the King that cometh in the name of the Lord: peace in heaven, and glory in the highest.(Luke 19:37,38)

1 And the LORD said unto Moses, Go in unto Pharaoh: for I have hardened his heart, and the heart of his servants, that I might shew these my signs before him: 2 And that thou mayest tell in the ears of thy son, and of thy son’s son, what things I have wrought in Egypt, and my signs which I have done among them; that ye may know how that I am the LORD.(Exodus 10:1,2)