1 Samuel 17

O desafio de Golias

1 Ajuntando *1Sm 13.5os filisteus as suas forças para a guerra, vieram a unir-se em Socó, que pertence a Judá, e acamparam-se entre *2Cr 28.18Socó e *Js 10.10Azeca, em *1Cr 11.13Efes-Damim. 2 Saul, porém, e os filhos de Israel, tendo-se ajuntado, acamparam-se *1Sm 21.9no vale de Elá e ordenaram a batalha para ir de encontro aos filisteus. 3 Os filisteus estavam na encosta dum monte, e Israel, na encosta de outro monte; e entre eles, um vale. 4 Do arraial dos filisteus saiu um campeão, cujo nome era *2Sm 21.19Golias, de *Js 11.21-22Gate, que tinha de altura seis cúbitos e um palmo. 5 Trazia na cabeça um capacete de cobre e vinha vestido de uma couraça escameada, cujo peso era de cinco mil siclos de cobre. 6 Tinha as pernas cobertas de umas grevas de cobre *1Sm 17.45e um dardo de cobre, entre os ombros. 7 A *2Sm 21.19;1Cr 11.23haste da sua lança era como o órgão de um tear, e a ponta da sua lança pesava seiscentos siclos de ferro. Diante dele ia *1Sm 17.41o seu escudeiro. 8 Posto em pé, clamava às tropas de Israel e dizia-lhes: Por que saístes a formar a linha de batalha? Não sou eu filisteu, e vós, *1Sm 8.17servos de Saul? Escolhei um homem, e desça a ter comigo. 9 Se *2Sm 2.12-16ele puder pelejar comigo e tirar-me a vida, seremos vossos servos; mas, se eu prevalecer contra ele e lhe tirar a vida, sereis nossos servos e nos servireis. 10 Acrescentou o filisteu: *1Sm 17.26,36,45Eu desafio, hoje, as tropas de Israel. Dai-me um homem, para que pelejemos a sós. 11 Quando Saul e todo o Israel ouviram as palavras do filisteu, ficaram desalentados e com muito medo.

Jessé envia Davi a seus irmãos

12 Ora, Davi era *1Sm 16.18;Rt 4.22filho daquele *Gn 35.19efratita de Belém-Judá cujo nome era Jessé, *1Sm 16.10-11;1Cr 2.13-15que tinha oito filhos e, nos dias de Saul, era homem idoso e adiantado em anos entre os homens. 13 Os três filhos mais velhos de Jessé tinham seguido Saul à guerra; e *1Sm 16.6,8,9eram os nomes dos seus três filhos que foram à guerra: Eliabe, o primogênito; o segundo, Abinadabe; e o terceiro, Samá. 14 *1Sm 16.11Davi era o mais moço; os três maiores seguiram a Saul. 15 *1Sm 16.21-23Ora, Davi ia a Saul e voltava dele a apascentar as ovelhas de seu pai, em Belém. 16 O filisteu vinha de manhã e de tarde, apresentando-se por quarenta dias.

O gigante Golias insulta os israelitas

17 Disse Jessé a seu filho Davi: *1Sm 25.18Toma, agora, para teus irmãos este efa de grão tostado e estes dez pães e corre a levá-los ao arraial a teus irmãos; 18 *1Sm 16.20leva também estes dez queijos ao seu comandante de mil, *Gn 37.13-14vê como passam teus irmãos e recebe deles a senha. 19 Saul com eles e todos os homens de Israel estão no vale de Elá, pelejando contra os filisteus. 20 Levantou-se Davi de manhã cedo, deixou o rebanho ao cuidado dum guarda, carregou-se e partiu, como Jessé lhe tinha ordenado. Chegou *1Sm 26.5,7às trincheiras no momento em que o exército ia sair para formar em linha de batalha e dava sinal de combate. 21 Israel e os filisteus puseram-se em ordem de batalha, exército contra exército. 22 Davi deixou a sua *Jz 18.21;Is 10.28carga entregue ao cuidado dum guarda da bagagem, correu ao exército e foi indagar de seus irmãos como passavam. 23 Quando estava falando com eles, eis que vinha subindo do exército dos filisteus o campeão, cujo nome era Golias, filisteu de Gate. Falou *1Sm 17.8-10segundo aquelas palavras, e Davi ouviu-as. 24 Todos os israelitas, tanto que viram o homem, fugiram de diante dele com muito medo. 25 Diziam os homens de Israel: Vistes a este homem que subiu? Subiu para desafiar a Israel. Ao homem que o matar, o rei encherá de grandes riquezas, e *Js 15.16lhe dará sua filha, e *1Sm 8.11fará livre em Israel a casa de seu pai. 26 Falou Davi aos homens que se achavam perto dele: Que se fará ao homem que matar a esse filisteu e tirar o *1Sm 11.2opróbrio de sobre Israel? Pois quem é esse *1Sm 17.36;14.6;Jr 9.25-26filisteu incircuncidado, para *1Sm 17.10desafiar os exércitos *Dt 5.26;2Rs 19.4do Deus vivo? 27 O povo repetiu-lhe a mesma palavra, dizendo: *1Sm 17.25Assim se fará a quem o matar.

28 Eliabe, seu irmão mais velho, ouviu-o quando falava aos homens, *Gn 37.4,8-36acendeu-se a sua ira contra Davi e disse: Por que desceste? Ao cuidado de quem deixaste essas poucas ovelhas no deserto? Eu conheço a tua altivez e a malignidade do teu coração. Desceste para ver a batalha. 29 Respondeu Davi: Que fiz eu agora? *1Sm 17.17Não é grave o caso? 30 Virou-se dele para outro *1Sm 17.26-27e falou a mesma coisa. O povo respondeu-lhe como dantes.

Davi dispõe-se a pelejar contra o gigante

31 Ouvidas as palavras que Davi falou, foram repetidas na presença de Saul, que mandou chamá-lo. 32 Davi disse a Saul: *Dt 20.1-4Não desfaleça o coração de alguém por causa dele. *1Sm 16.18O teu servo irá e pelejará com este filisteu. 33 Saul disse a Davi: Não poderás ir contra esse filisteu para pelejar com ele, pois tu és jovem, e ele é guerreiro desde a sua mocidade. 34 Respondeu Davi a Saul: O teu servo estava apascentando as ovelhas de seu pai; quando vinha um leão ou um urso e levava um cordeiro do meio do rebanho, 35 eu corria após ele, e o matava, e *Am 3.12lho arrancava da boca; e, levantando-se ele contra mim, eu o agarrava pelas queixadas, e o feria, e matava. 36 Leão e urso matou o teu servo, e a esse filisteu incircuncidado fará como a um deles, visto que tem desafiado os exércitos do Deus vivo. 37 Acrescentou Davi: *2Tm 4.17Jeová, que me livrou das garras do leão e das garras do urso, livrar-me-á da mão desse filisteu. Saul disse a Davi: *1Sm 20.13Vai, e Jeová seja contigo! 38 Saul vestiu a Davi dos seus vestidos, e pôs-lhe sobre a cabeça um capacete de cobre, e vestiu-o duma couraça. 39 Davi cingiu a espada sobre os seus vestidos e procurou andar, pois não os tinha experimentado. Davi disse a Saul: Não posso andar com estas coisas, porque não as tenho experimentado. Davi tirou-as de sobre si. 40 Tomou na mão o seu cajado, escolheu do leito da torrente cinco pedras mui lisas e meteu-as no bolso de pastor que trazia consigo, a saber, no surrão. Tinha na mão *Jz 20.16a funda; e foi-se chegando ao filisteu.

Davi encontra-se com o gigante e mata-o

41 O filisteu ia andando e aproximando-se de Davi, e o seu escudeiro ia adiante dele. 42 Quando o filisteu olhou e viu a Davi, *Pv 16.18desprezou-o, porquanto era mancebo ruivo e *1Sm 16.12de gentil aspecto. 43 Disse o filisteu a Davi: *1Sm 24.14;2Sm 3.8Sou eu algum cão, para tu vires a mim com um pau? *1Rs 20.10Em nome dos seus deuses, amaldiçoou o filisteu a Davi. 44 Disse mais o filisteu a Davi: Vem a mim, e darei as tuas carnes às aves do céu e *1Sm 17.46às bestas do campo. 45 Então, lhe respondeu Davi: Tu vens a mim com espada, e com lança, e com escudo; *2Cr 32.8;Sl 124.8;Hb 11.34eu, porém, venho a ti em nome de Jeová dos Exércitos, do Deus das tropas de Israel, as quais tens desafiado. 46 Hoje mesmo, Jeová te entregará nas minhas mãos; matar-te-ei e tirar-te-ei a cabeça. Darei, hoje, às aves do céu e às feras do campo os cadáveres do arraial dos filisteus, e toda a terra saberá que há Deus em Israel. 47 *1Rs 18.36;2Rs 19.19;Is 37.20Saberá toda esta congregação que *1Sm 14.6;2Cr 14.11;20.15;Sl 44.6Jeová salva, não pela espada e lança. Porque de Jeová é a guerra, e ele vos entregará nas nossas mãos. 48 Como o filisteu se levantasse e viesse chegando para se encontrar com Davi, *Sl 27.3apressou-se este e correu em direção do exército para se encontrar com o filisteu. 49 Davi meteu a mão no bolso e tirou dali uma pedra. Arrojou-a com a funda e feriu ao filisteu na testa; a pedra encravou-se-lhe na testa, e ele caiu com o rosto em terra.

Os filisteus são dispersados

50 Assim, Davi prevaleceu contra o filisteu com uma funda e com uma pedra; feriu ao filisteu e o matou, porém não havia espada na mão de Davi. 51 Correu Davi, e pôs-se em pé sobre o filisteu, e *1Sm 21.9;2Sm 23.21tomou a espada dele, e, tirando-a da bainha, matou-o, e com ela decepou-lhe a cabeça. *Hb 11.34Vendo os filisteus que era morto o seu campeão, fugiram. 52 Os homens de Israel e de Judá levantaram-se, gritaram e perseguiram aos filisteus, até a entrada de Gate e até *Js 15.11Ecrom. Os feridos dentre os filisteus caíram pelo caminho de *Js 15.36Saaraim, até Gate e até Ecrom. 53 Voltando os filhos de Israel de perseguirem aos filisteus, despojaram o arraial deles. 54 Tomando Davi a cabeça do filisteu, levou-a para Jerusalém; porém pôs as armas dele na sua tenda.

55 Quando Saul viu a Davi sair contra o filisteu, perguntou a Abner, o general do exército: Abner, de quem é filho *1Sm 16.12,21-22este mancebo? Respondeu Abner: Por tua vida, ó rei, que o não sei. 56 Disse o rei: Pergunta de quem é filho esse rapaz. 57 Voltando Davi depois de morto o filisteu, tomou-o Abner *1Sm 17.54e levou-o à presença de Saul, trazendo Davi na mão a cabeça do filisteu. 58 Saul perguntou-lhe: De quem és filho, mancebo? Respondeu Davi: *1Sm 17.12Sou filho do teu servo Jessé, belemita.

1 Now the Philistines gathered together their armies to battle, and were gathered together at Shochoh, which belongeth to Judah, and pitched between Shochoh and Azekah, in Ephes-dammim.*17.1 Ephes-dammim: or, the coast of Dammim, called Pas-dammim 2 And Saul and the men of Israel were gathered together, and pitched by the valley of Elah, and set the battle in array against the Philistines.*17.2 set…: Heb. ranged the battle 3 And the Philistines stood on a mountain on the one side, and Israel stood on a mountain on the other side: and there was a valley between them.

4 And there went out a champion out of the camp of the Philistines, named Goliath, of Gath, whose height was six cubits and a span. 5 And he had an helmet of brass upon his head, and he was armed with a coat of mail; and the weight of the coat was five thousand shekels of brass.*17.5 armed: Heb. clothed 6 And he had greaves of brass upon his legs, and a target of brass between his shoulders.*17.6 target: or, gorget 7 And the staff of his spear was like a weaver’s beam; and his spear’s head weighed six hundred shekels of iron: and one bearing a shield went before him. 8 And he stood and cried unto the armies of Israel, and said unto them, Why are ye come out to set your battle in array? am not I a Philistine, and ye servants to Saul? choose you a man for you, and let him come down to me. 9 If he be able to fight with me, and to kill me, then will we be your servants: but if I prevail against him, and kill him, then shall ye be our servants, and serve us. 10 And the Philistine said, I defy the armies of Israel this day; give me a man, that we may fight together. 11 When Saul and all Israel heard those words of the Philistine, they were dismayed, and greatly afraid.

12 Now David was the son of that Ephrathite of Beth-lehem-judah, whose name was Jesse; and he had eight sons: and the man went among men for an old man in the days of Saul. 13 And the three eldest sons of Jesse went and followed Saul to the battle: and the names of his three sons that went to the battle were Eliab the firstborn, and next unto him Abinadab, and the third Shammah. 14 And David was the youngest: and the three eldest followed Saul. 15 But David went and returned from Saul to feed his father’s sheep at Beth-lehem. 16 And the Philistine drew near morning and evening, and presented himself forty days. 17 And Jesse said unto David his son, Take now for thy brethren an ephah of this parched corn, and these ten loaves, and run to the camp to thy brethren; 18 And carry these ten cheeses unto the captain of their thousand, and look how thy brethren fare, and take their pledge.*17.18 cheeses: Heb. cheeses of milk*17.18 of…: Heb. of a thousand 19 Now Saul, and they, and all the men of Israel, were in the valley of Elah, fighting with the Philistines.

20 And David rose up early in the morning, and left the sheep with a keeper, and took, and went, as Jesse had commanded him; and he came to the trench, as the host was going forth to the fight, and shouted for the battle.*17.20 trench: or, place of the carriage*17.20 fight: or, battle array, or, place of fight 21 For Israel and the Philistines had put the battle in array, army against army. 22 And David left his carriage in the hand of the keeper of the carriage, and ran into the army, and came and saluted his brethren.*17.22 his carriage: Heb. the vessels from upon him*17.22 saluted…: Heb. asked his brethren of peace 23 And as he talked with them, behold, there came up the champion, the Philistine of Gath, Goliath by name, out of the armies of the Philistines, and spake according to the same words: and David heard them. 24 And all the men of Israel, when they saw the man, fled from him, and were sore afraid.*17.24 from…: Heb. from his face 25 And the men of Israel said, Have ye seen this man that is come up? surely to defy Israel is he come up: and it shall be, that the man who killeth him, the king will enrich him with great riches, and will give him his daughter, and make his father’s house free in Israel. 26 And David spake to the men that stood by him, saying, What shall be done to the man that killeth this Philistine, and taketh away the reproach from Israel? for who is this uncircumcised Philistine, that he should defy the armies of the living God? 27 And the people answered him after this manner, saying, So shall it be done to the man that killeth him.

28 And Eliab his eldest brother heard when he spake unto the men; and Eliab’s anger was kindled against David, and he said, Why camest thou down hither? and with whom hast thou left those few sheep in the wilderness? I know thy pride, and the naughtiness of thine heart; for thou art come down that thou mightest see the battle. 29 And David said, What have I now done? Is there not a cause?

30 And he turned from him toward another, and spake after the same manner: and the people answered him again after the former manner.*17.30 manner: Heb. word

31 And when the words were heard which David spake, they rehearsed them before Saul: and he sent for him.*17.31 sent…: Heb. took him

32 And David said to Saul, Let no man’s heart fail because of him; thy servant will go and fight with this Philistine. 33 And Saul said to David, Thou art not able to go against this Philistine to fight with him: for thou art but a youth, and he a man of war from his youth. 34 And David said unto Saul, Thy servant kept his father’s sheep, and there came a lion, and a bear, and took a lamb out of the flock:*17.34 lamb: or, kid 35 And I went out after him, and smote him, and delivered it out of his mouth: and when he arose against me, I caught him by his beard, and smote him, and slew him. 36 Thy servant slew both the lion and the bear: and this uncircumcised Philistine shall be as one of them, seeing he hath defied the armies of the living God. 37 David said moreover, The LORD that delivered me out of the paw of the lion, and out of the paw of the bear, he will deliver me out of the hand of this Philistine. And Saul said unto David, Go, and the LORD be with thee.

38 And Saul armed David with his armour, and he put an helmet of brass upon his head; also he armed him with a coat of mail.*17.38 armed David…: Heb. clothed David with his clothes 39 And David girded his sword upon his armour, and he assayed to go; for he had not proved it. And David said unto Saul, I cannot go with these; for I have not proved them. And David put them off him.

40 And he took his staff in his hand, and chose him five smooth stones out of the brook, and put them in a shepherd’s bag which he had, even in a scrip; and his sling was in his hand: and he drew near to the Philistine.*17.40 brook: or, valley*17.40 bag: Heb. vessel 41 And the Philistine came on and drew near unto David; and the man that bare the shield went before him. 42 And when the Philistine looked about, and saw David, he disdained him: for he was but a youth, and ruddy, and of a fair countenance. 43 And the Philistine said unto David, Am I a dog, that thou comest to me with staves? And the Philistine cursed David by his gods. 44 And the Philistine said to David, Come to me, and I will give thy flesh unto the fowls of the air, and to the beasts of the field. 45 Then said David to the Philistine, Thou comest to me with a sword, and with a spear, and with a shield: but I come to thee in the name of the LORD of hosts, the God of the armies of Israel, whom thou hast defied. 46 This day will the LORD deliver thee into mine hand; and I will smite thee, and take thine head from thee; and I will give the carcases of the host of the Philistines this day unto the fowls of the air, and to the wild beasts of the earth; that all the earth may know that there is a God in Israel.*17.46 deliver…: Heb. shut thee up 47 And all this assembly shall know that the LORD saveth not with sword and spear: for the battle is the LORD’s, and he will give you into our hands.

48 And it came to pass, when the Philistine arose, and came and drew nigh to meet David, that David hasted, and ran toward the army to meet the Philistine. 49 And David put his hand in his bag, and took thence a stone, and slang it, and smote the Philistine in his forehead, that the stone sunk into his forehead; and he fell upon his face to the earth. 50 So David prevailed over the Philistine with a sling and with a stone, and smote the Philistine, and slew him; but there was no sword in the hand of David. 51 Therefore David ran, and stood upon the Philistine, and took his sword, and drew it out of the sheath thereof, and slew him, and cut off his head therewith. And when the Philistines saw their champion was dead, they fled. 52 And the men of Israel and of Judah arose, and shouted, and pursued the Philistines, until thou come to the valley, and to the gates of Ekron. And the wounded of the Philistines fell down by the way to Shaaraim, even unto Gath, and unto Ekron. 53 And the children of Israel returned from chasing after the Philistines, and they spoiled their tents. 54 And David took the head of the Philistine, and brought it to Jerusalem; but he put his armour in his tent.

55 And when Saul saw David go forth against the Philistine, he said unto Abner, the captain of the host, Abner, whose son is this youth? And Abner said, As thy soul liveth, O king, I cannot tell. 56 And the king said, Enquire thou whose son the stripling is. 57 And as David returned from the slaughter of the Philistine, Abner took him, and brought him before Saul with the head of the Philistine in his hand. 58 And Saul said to him, Whose son art thou, thou young man? And David answered, I am the son of thy servant Jesse the Beth-lehemite.